1. 電凈液成分見(jian)表4-42.


表 42.jpg


2. 電凈液的性質和用途


 電凈液(ye)(ye)都是堿性溶液(ye)(ye)，pH為11~13.溶液(ye)(ye)呈(cheng)無色透(tou)明，手摸有滑感，-10℃不(bu)結(jie)冰。


 電凈液具有較(jiao)強的去油作(zuo)用(yong)，同(tong)時具有輕(qing)度的除氧化膜(mo)作(zuo)用(yong)。


3. 使(shi)用方法


  用(yong)(yong)鍍(du)筆蘸上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)電凈液，大(da)型圓柱形工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)夾在機床車頭上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)旋轉，鍍(du)筆固(gu)定在刀架上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)不(bu)動(dong)，將鍍(du)筆和工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)接(jie)觸，并(bing)保持一定的相對(dui)運動(dong)速率，如果是(shi)平面工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，則(ze)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)固(gu)定，鍍(du)筆在工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)平面上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)接(jie)觸，用(yong)(yong)手工(gong)(gong)(gong)移動(dong)保持相對(dui)運動(dong)速率。在通電的情況下(xia)在工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)表面涂抹，達到去(qu)油的目的。


  工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)與鍍筆之間的通電有(you)兩種方式：一(yi)種稱(cheng)為正極(ji)(ji)性(xing)電凈(jing)，工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)接負極(ji)(ji)，鍍筆接正極(ji)(ji)，去(qu)(qu)油(you)效(xiao)果(guo)快捷(jie)。通電時工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表面產生(sheng)大量的氫(qing)氣，故工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)滲氫(qing)現(xian)象(xiang)；另一(yi)種稱(cheng)為反(fan)極(ji)(ji)性(xing)電凈(jing)，工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)接正極(ji)(ji)，鍍筆接負極(ji)(ji)，通電時工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表面產生(sheng)氧氣，其去(qu)(qu)油(you)效(xiao)果(guo)中等，作用(yong)溫和，沒有(you)滲氫(qing)現(xian)象(xiang)。在實(shi)際(ji)工(gong)作中，往往是(shi)采用(yong)高檔電壓（10~18V),先(xian)正極(ji)(ji)性(xing)電凈(jing)后反(fan)極(ji)(ji)性(xing)電凈(jing)聯(lian)合(he)應(ying)用(yong)，效(xiao)果(guo)最(zui)佳(jia)。


4. 電凈工藝(yi)條件


 電壓10~18V,一(yi)般取12V;時間30~90s;電凈液溫度 15~50℃。


 電凈后立(li)即(ji)用水(shui)沖洗干(gan)凈，表(biao)(biao)(biao)面水(shui)膜分布均勻，金屬表(biao)(biao)(biao)面呈現(xian)均勻的潔凈狀態，立(li)即(ji)進行下道工序(xu)，不(bu)可使表(biao)(biao)(biao)面形成干(gan)斑。