1. 孔型系(xi)統(tong)


  生產寬幅波(bo)紋板應用得(de)最廣泛的是連續成型系統,首先彎中(zhong)心波(bo),然后(hou)彎相鄰波(bo),最后(hou)彎邊波(bo)。


  單獨一個(ge)(ge)波彎(wan)曲變形時(shi)(shi)(shi)常出現(xian)下(xia)(xia)述情況(kuang),即當波形向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(開(kai)口朝下(xia)(xia))成型(xing)(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi),波形會(hui)延縱長(chang)(chang)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)彎(wan),而波形向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(開(kai)口向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang))成型(xing)(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi),則向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)彎(wan)。之(zhi)所以(yi)如(ru)此(ci)(ci),這是由于(yu)波形斷面(mian)(mian)的邊部(bu)在彎(wan)曲側面(mian)(mian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)受(shou)到(dao)張緊力(li)的作用時(shi)(shi)(shi),力(li)圖(tu)將整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)斷面(mian)(mian)沿縱向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)拉(la)長(chang)(chang),但此(ci)(ci)張緊力(li)不足(zu)以(yi)拉(la)長(chang)(chang)整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)剛(gang)性斷面(mian)(mian),因(yin)此(ci)(ci)導致(zhi)波形前端出現(xian)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)或向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)彎(wan)曲的現(xian)象。


  為(wei)消除縱向彎(wan)曲(qu),將受拉的(de)邊部置(zhi)于整個(ge)斷(duan)面(mian)中性線(xian)上(shang)是(shi)必要的(de)。


2. 鐓壓(ya)整形的(de)專用孔型


 采用鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)整形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)專(zhuan)用孔型(xing)(xing),可成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)高質量的(de)寬(kuan)幅(fu)型(xing)(xing)鋼(gang)。鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)整形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)方式(shi)要求(qiu)在(zai)每道次都會(hui)對(dui)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)預彎(wan)曲(qu)(qu),且使(shi)型(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)斷(duan)面中(zhong)性線與成(cheng)品型(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)中(zhong)性線相重合。這時型(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)上下所受的(de)力矩相平衡,材(cai)(cai)(cai)不(bu)會(hui)發(fa)生縱彎(wan)。其實質就是,在(zai)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)的(de)開始階段就將板材(cai)(cai)(cai)彎(wan)成(cheng)集中(zhong)間弧形(xing)(xing)(xing),然(ran)后從(cong)垂直(zhi)方向鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)而形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)型(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai),這些中(zhong)間弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)在(zai)鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)過程中(zhong)被壓(ya)(ya)縮而產生塑性彎(wan)曲(qu)(qu),完成(cheng)鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)。


 對于(yu)冷彎成型2~4mm的板材(cai),鐓(dui)(dui)壓成型輥架數(shu)一般(ban)不超過(guo)4道(dao)(dao)(dao)次,鐓(dui)(dui)壓角(jiao)(jiao)逐道(dao)(dao)(dao)遞減,前兩道(dao)(dao)(dao)鐓(dui)(dui)壓角(jiao)(jiao)均為上道(dao)(dao)(dao)鐓(dui)(dui)壓角(jiao)(jiao)的0.4~0.6倍(bei)。最后道(dao)(dao)(dao)次的鐓(dui)(dui)壓角(jiao)(jiao)不超過(guo)1°~2°。


 采用(yong)鐓壓整(zheng)形方式生產(chan)波(bo)紋(wen)型材,斷面上(shang)(shang)各(ge)波(bo)紋(wen)軸線(xian)間距(ju)離應(ying)等于(yu)坯料(liao)弧(hu)中(zhong)(zhong)心間距(ju)離,而各(ge)弧(hu)的周長應(ying)與(yu)斷面要求相對應(ying)。斷面斜(xie)直線(xian)區(qu)的中(zhong)(zhong)間點(dian)(dian),應(ying)是(shi)坯料(liao)弧(hu)形的接觸點(dian)(dian),并(bing)位于(yu)距(ju)波(bo)軸同一距(ju)離上(shang)(shang)。


 考慮成型方法時,以每一(yi)道(dao)次水平位移不(bu)(bu)超(chao)過6mm 為(wei)限制條件,如此(ci)要求,主要是為(wei)了使水平直線段彎曲變形不(bu)(bu)產(chan)生失穩現象。