1. 孔型系(xi)統


  生(sheng)產寬幅波紋板應用得(de)最(zui)廣泛的(de)是連續成型系統,首先彎中心波,然后(hou)彎相鄰波,最(zui)后(hou)彎邊波。


  單獨(du)一(yi)個波(bo)彎曲變形(xing)時(shi)常出現(xian)下(xia)述(shu)情況,即當波(bo)形(xing)向下(xia)(開(kai)口(kou)朝下(xia))成型時(shi),波(bo)形(xing)會延(yan)縱長(chang)方向向下(xia)彎,而(er)波(bo)形(xing)向上(開(kai)口(kou)向上)成型時(shi),則向上彎。之所以如此,這是由于波(bo)形(xing)斷(duan)面的(de)邊(bian)部在彎曲側面時(shi)受到張緊力(li)(li)的(de)作(zuo)用時(shi),力(li)(li)圖將整個斷(duan)面沿(yan)縱向拉長(chang),但(dan)此張緊力(li)(li)不足以拉長(chang)整個剛性(xing)斷(duan)面,因(yin)此導(dao)致波(bo)形(xing)前端出現(xian)向上或向下(xia)彎曲的(de)現(xian)象(xiang)。


  為消除縱向彎(wan)曲,將受(shou)拉(la)的邊部置(zhi)于整個斷面中(zhong)性(xing)線(xian)上是必要的。


2. 鐓壓整形的專用孔型


 采用(yong)鐓壓(ya)整形的專用(yong)孔型(xing)(xing)(xing),可(ke)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)高質量的寬幅型(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼。鐓壓(ya)整形的成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)方式要求在(zai)每道次都(dou)會對波紋(wen)(wen)預彎(wan)曲,且(qie)使型(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)斷面中性(xing)線與成(cheng)(cheng)品型(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)中性(xing)線相重合。這(zhe)時型(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai)上下所受的力矩相平衡,材(cai)(cai)(cai)不(bu)會發生縱彎(wan)。其實質就(jiu)是,在(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的開始階(jie)段就(jiu)將板材(cai)(cai)(cai)彎(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)集中間(jian)弧形,然后從(cong)垂(chui)直方向鐓壓(ya)而形成(cheng)(cheng)波紋(wen)(wen)型(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)(cai),這(zhe)些中間(jian)弧形波紋(wen)(wen)在(zai)鐓壓(ya)過程中被壓(ya)縮而產(chan)生塑性(xing)彎(wan)曲,完成(cheng)(cheng)鐓壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)。


 對于(yu)冷彎成型2~4mm的板(ban)材,鐓壓(ya)(ya)成型輥架數一(yi)般不超(chao)過(guo)4道(dao)次,鐓壓(ya)(ya)角(jiao)逐(zhu)道(dao)遞(di)減,前兩道(dao)鐓壓(ya)(ya)角(jiao)均為上道(dao)鐓壓(ya)(ya)角(jiao)的0.4~0.6倍。最后道(dao)次的鐓壓(ya)(ya)角(jiao)不超(chao)過(guo)1°~2°。


 采用鐓壓整形方式生產波紋型材(cai),斷(duan)(duan)面上各波紋軸(zhou)線(xian)(xian)間(jian)距離(li)應(ying)等(deng)于坯料弧中(zhong)(zhong)心間(jian)距離(li),而各弧的周長應(ying)與(yu)斷(duan)(duan)面要求相對應(ying)。斷(duan)(duan)面斜直線(xian)(xian)區的中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)點(dian),應(ying)是坯料弧形的接觸點(dian),并位于距波軸(zhou)同一距離(li)上。


 考(kao)慮成型(xing)方法(fa)時,以每一道次(ci)水平(ping)位移不超過6mm 為限制條件,如(ru)此(ci)要求,主(zhu)要是為了(le)使水平(ping)直線段彎曲變形不產生(sheng)失穩(wen)現(xian)象。