曼內斯曼兄弟有(you)三(san)個(ge)錯誤的(de)(de)概(gai)念(nian)，其中(zhong)第一點與基本(ben)理論(lun)有(you)關，即(ji)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)穿孔(kong)頂頭(tou)也可以穿軋(ya)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)。這(zhe)(zhe)是因為他們相信管(guan)(guan)坯(pi)外層表(biao)面的(de)(de)軸(zhou)向運(yun)動比慢速運(yun)動的(de)(de)中(zhong)心(xin)部(bu)分(fen)為快，起(qi)初采用(yong)(yong)(yong)頂頭(tou)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)僅(jin)僅(jin)在于(yu)減速中(zhong)心(xin)部(bu)分(fen)的(de)(de)運(yun)動，有(you)一段時候穿孔(kong)頂頭(tou)被稱作“后支持(chi)桿（holding back bar).”有(you)人曾(ceng)評(ping)論(lun)道：“軋(ya)輥(gun)(gun)抓住(zhu)金屬(shu)的(de)(de)外層表(biao)面，并使之以螺旋線狀向前(qian)運(yun)動，把(ba)它(ta)拉離以慢速向前(qian)運(yun)動的(de)(de)中(zhong)心(xin)部(bu)分(fen)”。1890年(nian)Realeaux 教授在其文章的(de)(de)小結(jie)部(bu)分(fen)的(de)(de)結(jie)語中(zhong)稱：“似乎是圓(yuan)管(guan)(guan)坯(pi)的(de)(de)表(biao)皮從頂頭(tou)上拉過去，從而使管(guan)(guan)坯(pi)變成空心(xin)坯(pi)”。令人驚奇(qi)的(de)(de)是這(zhe)(zhe)一論(lun)點曾(ceng)占上風，直到他們自己的(de)(de)一項實驗反駁了它(ta)。在這(zhe)(zhe)項試(shi)驗中(zhong)，他們將管(guan)(guan)坯(pi)端(duan)(duan)部(bu)制成錐狀，以使此端(duan)(duan)部(bu)不(bu)承受軋(ya)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，然后將管(guan)(guan)坯(pi)加熱，并從軋(ya)機中(zhong)軋(ya)出，結(jie)果(guo)是兩頭(tou)封住(zhu)的(de)(de)空心(xin)圓(yuan)柱體。

  第二點是他們認為尺寸和表面質量適合市場銷售的不銹鋼管可以由斜軋機直接生產。為了實現這一目標，在以下各方面花費了不少資金和時間，設計了盤式的、錐狀的各種形狀的軋輥，進行各種調整試驗和速度試驗，直到最后得出結論：穿孔坯還要經過一道延伸工序，才能軋成管子。

 最后一(yi)點(dian)(dian)，也是(shi)付出不少代價的一(yi)點(dian)(dian)，這就是(shi)斜軋(ya)對管(guan)坯的外層金(jin)屬纖維施(shi)以扭轉這一(yi)現象(xiang)，過去這曾被視作優點(dian)(dian)，在他們(men)的早期專利申請(qing)中(zhong)曾聲稱此點(dian)(dian)為其所專有，當這一(yi)點(dian)(dian)成為他們(men)專利中(zhong)的薄(bo)弱環節時，曾為此遭受(shou)巨(ju)大的損失。

 Boore將上述三點(dian)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)曼氏(shi)兄弟的(de)(de)三個(ge)概念性錯誤，關于“錯誤”一(yi)(yi)(yi)詞用(yong)了兩(liang)個(ge)字(zi)，即misconception及Error,后面一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)字(zi)顯然失(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)重，前面一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)字(zi)的(de)(de)解(jie)釋有(you)(you)二：一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)理(li)解(jie)得不(bu)正(zheng)確（understanding wrongly);二是(shi)具(ju)有(you)(you)錯誤的(de)(de)概念（having a WrongConcepion of····)似乎不(bu)太(tai)恰當，因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)人的(de)(de)認識要(yao)受(shou)歷史條件的(de)(de)限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)，對技(ji)術(shu)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)來說(shuo)要(yao)受(shou)當時(shi)技(ji)術(shu)條件的(de)(de)限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)，要(yao)歷史地看問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，不(bu)能以“今日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)”否定“幾(ji)十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非”，認識要(yao)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)過(guo)程，譬如用(yong)不(bu)用(yong)頂(ding)頭的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)只是(shi)在(zai)(zai)斜軋(ya)(ya)(ya)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)工藝(yi)發(fa)明時(shi)以及稍后一(yi)(yi)(yi)段時(shi)間(jian)內存在(zai)(zai)，最多(duo)也(ye)只有(you)(you)1~2年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)時(shi)間(jian)。理(li)由是(shi)，Bous、Komotou 鋼(gang)管廠分別在(zai)(zai)1887年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)和1888年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)建成(cheng)，那時(shi)斜軋(ya)(ya)(ya)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)工藝(yi)就是(shi)有(you)(you)頂(ding)頭穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)了。至于“穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)－延(yan)伸”，兩(liang)步軋(ya)(ya)(ya)管問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，也(ye)最多(duo)只有(you)(you)6年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)過(guo)程，到1892年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)周期軋(ya)(ya)(ya)管機出現時(shi)，也(ye)可以算(suan)解(jie)決了，真(zhen)正(zheng)失(shi)誤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)點(dian)是(shi)將扭(niu)轉變(bian)形作為(wei)(wei)優點(dian)列人專利(li)申請(qing)，后來在(zai)(zai)專利(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)爭中Mannesmann兄弟敗訴的(de)(de)根本原因(yin)(yin)即在(zai)(zai)于此(ci)。

 當消息傳出曼內斯曼兄弟發明了一種不銹鋼管軋制工藝，借此，實心圓鋼可在若干秒之內變成無縫不銹鋼管，當時的技術界人士并不信以為真，有人宣稱這是欺詐，有人說這違反了物理學的基本定律。唯獨 Franz Reuleaux教授，對兩兄弟的發明非常贊賞，1890年就著文評述曼內斯曼斜軋穿孔工藝，肯定這一發明是巨大的成功。早在1887年Werner Von Siemens 就致函老Reinhard稱：“我非常欣賞你的兩個兒子具有遠見卓識的偉大發明，今后曼內斯曼的名字將在工業發展上占有一席之地·····.”這才是真知灼見，擲地有聲的贊許！

 無(wu)縫不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)離開斜(xie)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝是(shi)(shi)難以(yi)想(xiang)象的(de)，除了(le)少數例外(wai)，不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)第(di)一(yi)(yi)步是(shi)(shi)采(cai)用桶式穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)或錐(zhui)輥式穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)對管(guan)坯(pi)進行穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)。因(yin)此，可以(yi)說斜(xie)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)發(fa)明(ming)(ming)為(wei)無(wu)縫不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)合理化打下了(le)基(ji)礎。德國(guo)Wengenroth博士在(zai)論文(wen)中(zhong)這樣寫道：“第(di)一(yi)(yi)根穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)坯(pi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)出(chu)后(hou)，曼氏(shi)兄弟將注意力集中(zhong)在(zai)如何將其轉(zhuan)化為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)這一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)(mian)，其目標是(shi)(shi)在(zai)斜(xie)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)上生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)商(shang)品(pin)管(guan)，但(dan)日(ri)益明(ming)(ming)顯的(de)是(shi)(shi)采(cai)用這種軋(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)能在(zai)一(yi)(yi)個變(bian)形階(jie)段(duan)中(zhong)將圓鋼軋(ya)(ya)(ya)成小截面(mian)(mian)的(de)成品(pin)管(guan)，因(yin)此曼內斯曼兄弟自(zi)1890年開始(shi)思考(kao)分段(duan)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝（周(zhou)期軋(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝）問題，采(cai)用這種工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝將斜(xie)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)上生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)空(kong)心坯(pi)延伸(shen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制為(wei)成品(pin)管(guan)。”經歷了(le)半個世紀（1886~1937年）的(de)發(fa)展，無(wu)縫不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝領域出(chu)現了(le)7種軋(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝并(bing)存的(de)局面(mian)(mian)，經典軋(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝發(fa)展完善，接著在(zai)20世紀下半葉，出(chu)現了(le)連續軋(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和油井管(guan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)大發(fa)展。

110年前，當愛迪(di)生在芝加哥(ge)第一屆(jie)世博會上(shang)(shang)看到穿(chuan)孔坯樣(yang)管的(de)(de)展品時，倍(bei)加贊賞地連聲道：“人們應該對歷史作(zuo)出貢獻(xian)！那(nei)無縫不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管則是(shi)(shi)人類的(de)(de)杰(jie)作(zuo)（Masterpiece).”可以(yi)這樣(yang)說，離(li)開(kai)能(neng)源工(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展，人類社會談不上(shang)(shang)什么進步，而離(li)開(kai)無縫不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管的(de)(de)生產，能(neng)源工(gong)業(ye)(ye)也就無法發(fa)(fa)展，正是(shi)(shi)這一“杰(jie)作(zuo)”推動了(le)能(neng)源工(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展，從而對人類歷史作(zuo)出貢獻(xian)。這也就是(shi)(shi)斜軋穿(chuan)孔工(gong)藝發(fa)(fa)明的(de)(de)深遠意(yi)義。