隨著石油、天然氣、鍋爐、建筑等行業的不斷發展，在使用條件、節能降耗、產品性能等方面對不銹鋼管提出了越來越高的要求。在常規熱軋不(bu)銹鋼管生產過程中，管坯成型歷經高溫穿孔、軋制以及定徑等工藝。產品受到圓形中空斷面形狀及生產工藝制約，缺乏更為有效的組織和性能調控手段，導致其性能提升僅能依靠添加合金元素及后續離線熱處理工序，給高品質不銹鋼管材開發以及生產成本、制造效率和能源消耗控制等帶來諸多不利影響。

  控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)與(yu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)冷卻(que)工(gong)藝(yi)（控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷，TMCP）可綜合利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)細晶強(qiang)化、析(xi)出強(qiang)化和(he)(he)(he)(he)相(xiang)變強(qiang)化等(deng)強(qiang)化機制(zhi)，是有(you)效(xiao)在線調(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)鋼(gang)材組(zu)織(zhi)、顯著提升(sheng)材料(liao)性能的(de)重要手段。經三十余年快速發(fa)展，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷技(ji)(ji)(ji)術已廣泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)板(ban)帶鋼(gang)、型鋼(gang)、棒線材等(deng)領(ling)域(yu)。然而(er)，熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)有(you)別(bie)于熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)板(ban)帶鋼(gang)等(deng)鋼(gang)材門類，不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)變形(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)成型后的(de)冷卻(que)工(gong)藝(yi)與(yu)常規(gui)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷工(gong)藝(yi)示意圖(tu)如(ru)圖(tu)6-63所示。熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)高溫穿軋(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)生產工(gong)藝(yi)條件使(shi)(shi)得控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)受(shou)到(dao)極(ji)大(da)限制(zhi)，環形(xing)斷(duan)面的(de)形(xing)狀特點使(shi)(shi)得控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)冷卻(que)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術的(de)開發(fa)難度很大(da)，嚴(yan)重制(zhi)約了基于控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷的(de)在線組(zu)織(zhi)性能調(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術在該領(ling)域(yu)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展，熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)產品的(de)強(qiang)度、韌(ren)性和(he)(he)(he)(he)焊接性等(deng)綜合性能的(de)全面提升(sheng)面臨瓶頸。因此，實(shi)現熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)的(de)成型和(he)(he)(he)(he)成型過程的(de)在線組(zu)織(zhi)性能調(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，是熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)領(ling)域(yu)長期(qi)以來(lai)的(de)重點攻(gong)關方向(xiang)之一(yi)。

  針(zhen)對熱(re)(re)軋(ya)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)在(zai)線(xian)組(zu)織(zhi)性(xing)能調控(kong)工業化(hua)技(ji)術，其(qi)相關機(ji)理及(ji)(ji)(ji)核心(xin)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長期以(yi)來未取(qu)得(de)有效(xiao)突(tu)破。首先(xian)，在(zai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)面(mian)，由(you)于不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)在(zai)熱(re)(re)加工過程中需(xu)要(yao)經歷復雜的(de)(de)成型工序，為降低變形抗力(li)以(yi)保證(zheng)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工序的(de)(de)穩順進行，管(guan)(guan)坯的(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)溫(wen)度往往較(jiao)高，同時要(yao)在(zai)盡可能高的(de)(de)溫(wen)度下連續完成穿(chuan)孔及(ji)(ji)(ji)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過程，為此難以(yi)實現通(tong)過低溫(wen)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工藝對奧氏(shi)體組(zu)織(zhi)狀態進行調控(kong)。其(qi)次，在(zai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷卻(que)(que)(que)方(fang)面(mian)，盡管(guan)(guan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)形狀簡單，但(dan)特殊的(de)(de)環形斷(duan)面(mian)特征使得(de)其(qi)均(jun)勻(yun)化(hua)冷卻(que)(que)(que)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)顯著區別于板帶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)他類(lei)型鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)。例如，沿不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)圓周方(fang)向均(jun)勻(yun)對稱的(de)(de)冷卻(que)(que)(que)水布置并(bing)不(bu)能使鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)達到(dao)均(jun)勻(yun)化(hua)的(de)(de)冷卻(que)(que)(que)效(xiao)果(guo)，這其(qi)中必然(ran)存在(zai)異于傳統理念的(de)(de)環形斷(duan)面(mian)下的(de)(de)均(jun)勻(yun)化(hua)冷卻(que)(que)(que)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。由(you)于鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)均(jun)勻(yun)冷卻(que)(que)(que)機(ji)理及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)法的(de)(de)研究進展有限(xian)，導致控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷卻(que)(que)(que)過程中的(de)(de)組(zu)織(zhi)性(xing)能均(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)冷卻(que)(que)(que)不(bu)均(jun)造成的(de)(de)彎(wan)管(guan)(guan)事故(gu)無法有效(xiao)解決，在(zai)較(jiao)長時間制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約了控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷卻(que)(que)(que)技(ji)術在(zai)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)領域的(de)(de)發展和應用。