隨著石油、天然氣、鍋爐、建筑等行業的不斷發展，在使用條件、節能降耗、產品性能等方面對不銹鋼管提出了越來越高的要求。在常規熱軋不銹鋼管生產過程中，管坯成型歷經高溫穿孔、軋制以及定徑等工藝。產品受到圓形中空斷面形狀及生產工藝制約，缺乏更為有效的組織和性能調控手段，導致其性能提升僅能依靠添加合金元素及后續離線熱處理工序，給高品質不銹鋼管材開發以及生產成本、制造效率和能源消耗控制等帶來諸多不利影響。

  控(kong)(kong)制軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制與控(kong)(kong)制冷(leng)(leng)卻工(gong)藝（控(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)，TMCP）可綜合利(li)用(yong)細晶(jing)強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)、析出強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)和(he)相變(bian)強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)等(deng)(deng)強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)機(ji)制，是(shi)有效在線(xian)(xian)調控(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)材組(zu)織、顯著提升材料性(xing)能的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)手段。經三(san)十余年快速發展，控(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)技術(shu)(shu)已(yi)廣泛(fan)應用(yong)于(yu)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)板(ban)帶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、型鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、棒線(xian)(xian)材等(deng)(deng)領域。然而，熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)有別于(yu)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)板(ban)帶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)等(deng)(deng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)材門類，不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制變(bian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)成型后的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻工(gong)藝與常規控(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)工(gong)藝示意圖(tu)(tu)如圖(tu)(tu)6-63所示。熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)高溫穿軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)生產工(gong)藝條件(jian)使(shi)得控(kong)(kong)制軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)應用(yong)受到(dao)極大限制，環形(xing)(xing)斷面(mian)的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)特(te)點使(shi)得控(kong)(kong)制冷(leng)(leng)卻技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)開發難度很大，嚴重(zhong)制約(yue)了基(ji)于(yu)控(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)的(de)(de)在線(xian)(xian)組(zu)織性(xing)能調控(kong)(kong)技術(shu)(shu)在該領域的(de)(de)應用(yong)和(he)發展，熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)產品的(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)度、韌性(xing)和(he)焊接性(xing)等(deng)(deng)綜合性(xing)能的(de)(de)全面(mian)提升面(mian)臨瓶頸。因此，實現(xian)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)的(de)(de)成型和(he)成型過程的(de)(de)在線(xian)(xian)組(zu)織性(xing)能調控(kong)(kong)，是(shi)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)領域長期以來(lai)的(de)(de)重(zhong)點攻關方向之一(yi)。

  針對熱軋(ya)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)線組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)性能(neng)調控(kong)工業化技術，其(qi)相關(guan)機理(li)及(ji)核心機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長期以(yi)來(lai)未取(qu)得有效(xiao)突破。首先(xian)，在(zai)(zai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方面，由于不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)在(zai)(zai)熱加(jia)工過程中需要經歷復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)成型(xing)(xing)工序，為(wei)降低變形抗(kang)力以(yi)保證軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工序的(de)(de)(de)穩順進(jin)(jin)行，管(guan)坯的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱溫度(du)往往較高(gao)，同(tong)時要在(zai)(zai)盡可(ke)能(neng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)下連續完成穿(chuan)孔及(ji)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過程，為(wei)此難以(yi)實(shi)現(xian)通(tong)過低溫軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工藝對奧氏體組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)狀(zhuang)態進(jin)(jin)行調控(kong)。其(qi)次，在(zai)(zai)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)卻(que)方面，盡管(guan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)形狀(zhuang)簡單，但特殊的(de)(de)(de)環形斷面特征使得其(qi)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)化冷(leng)卻(que)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)顯著區別于板帶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)及(ji)其(qi)他類(lei)型(xing)(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材。例如，沿不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)圓周方向均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)對稱的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)水布(bu)置并不(bu)能(neng)使鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)達到均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)化的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)效(xiao)果，這其(qi)中必然存在(zai)(zai)異于傳統理(li)念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)環形斷面下的(de)(de)(de)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)化冷(leng)卻(que)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。由于鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)冷(leng)卻(que)機理(li)及(ji)其(qi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方法的(de)(de)(de)研究進(jin)(jin)展有限，導(dao)致(zhi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)卻(que)過程中的(de)(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)性能(neng)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)性以(yi)及(ji)冷(leng)卻(que)不(bu)均(jun)(jun)造成的(de)(de)(de)彎管(guan)事故無法有效(xiao)解決，在(zai)(zai)較長時間制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約了控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)卻(que)技術在(zai)(zai)熱軋(ya)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)領域的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展和應用。