隨著石油、天然氣、鍋爐、建筑等行業的不斷發展，在使用條件、節能降耗、產品性能等方面對不銹鋼管提出了越來越高的要求。在常規熱軋不銹鋼管生產過程中，管坯成型歷經高溫穿孔、軋制以及定徑等工藝。產品受到圓形中空斷面形狀及生產工藝制約，缺乏更為有效的組織和性能調控手段，導致其性能提升僅能依靠添加合金元素及后續離線熱處理工序，給高品質不銹鋼管材開發以及生產成本、制造效率和能源消耗控制等帶來諸多不利影響。

  控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)工(gong)藝（控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)，TMCP）可綜合利用(yong)(yong)細晶(jing)強(qiang)化、析出強(qiang)化和相變強(qiang)化等(deng)強(qiang)化機制(zhi)(zhi)，是有效在線調控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)鋼(gang)(gang)材(cai)(cai)組(zu)織、顯(xian)著提(ti)升(sheng)材(cai)(cai)料性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)重要手段。經(jing)三十余年快速發展(zhan)，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)已廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)板(ban)帶(dai)鋼(gang)(gang)、型(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)、棒線材(cai)(cai)等(deng)領(ling)(ling)域。然而，熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)無(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)有別于(yu)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)板(ban)帶(dai)鋼(gang)(gang)等(deng)鋼(gang)(gang)材(cai)(cai)門類，不銹鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)變形(xing)(xing)和成(cheng)型(xing)后的(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)工(gong)藝與(yu)常規控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)工(gong)藝示意圖如(ru)圖6-63所(suo)示。熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)無(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)高溫穿軋(ya)(ya)的(de)生產工(gong)藝條(tiao)件使得(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)受(shou)到極大限(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)，環形(xing)(xing)斷面的(de)形(xing)(xing)狀特點(dian)使得(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)開發難(nan)度很(hen)大，嚴重制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)了基于(yu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)的(de)在線組(zu)織性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)調控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)在該領(ling)(ling)域的(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)和發展(zhan)，熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)無(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)產品的(de)強(qiang)度、韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)和焊(han)接性(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)綜合性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)全(quan)面提(ti)升(sheng)面臨瓶頸。因此(ci)，實現(xian)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)的(de)成(cheng)型(xing)和成(cheng)型(xing)過(guo)程的(de)在線組(zu)織性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)調控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，是熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)無(wu)縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)領(ling)(ling)域長期以(yi)來的(de)重點(dian)攻關(guan)方(fang)向之一。

  針對熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)線組織(zhi)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)調(diao)控(kong)工(gong)(gong)業化技術(shu)，其(qi)相關機(ji)理(li)及(ji)(ji)(ji)核心機(ji)制(zhi)長期(qi)以來未取得(de)(de)有效(xiao)突(tu)破。首先(xian)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)控(kong)制(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)方面，由(you)于(yu)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)熱(re)加工(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程中需要經歷(li)復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)型工(gong)(gong)序，為(wei)降低變形(xing)(xing)抗力(li)以保證軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)序的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)順進(jin)行(xing)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)坯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加熱(re)溫(wen)度往往較高，同時要在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)盡(jin)可能(neng)(neng)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度下(xia)連續完成(cheng)(cheng)穿(chuan)孔及(ji)(ji)(ji)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)過(guo)(guo)程，為(wei)此(ci)難以實現通過(guo)(guo)低溫(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)藝對奧氏體組織(zhi)狀態進(jin)行(xing)調(diao)控(kong)。其(qi)次，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)控(kong)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)方面，盡(jin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)形(xing)(xing)狀簡單，但特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)斷面特征(zheng)使(shi)得(de)(de)其(qi)均(jun)勻化冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)機(ji)制(zhi)顯著區別于(yu)板(ban)帶鋼及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)他類型鋼材(cai)。例(li)如(ru)，沿不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)圓周方向均(jun)勻對稱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)水布置并(bing)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)使(shi)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)達到均(jun)勻化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)效(xiao)果(guo)，這其(qi)中必然(ran)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)異于(yu)傳統理(li)念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)斷面下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)均(jun)勻化冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)機(ji)制(zhi)。由(you)于(yu)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)均(jun)勻冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)機(ji)理(li)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)控(kong)制(zhi)方法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究進(jin)展(zhan)有限，導致控(kong)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)過(guo)(guo)程中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組織(zhi)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)均(jun)勻性(xing)(xing)以及(ji)(ji)(ji)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)不(bu)均(jun)造成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎管(guan)(guan)(guan)事故無法有效(xiao)解決，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)較長時間制(zhi)約了控(kong)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)技術(shu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)和(he)應用。