我國早期的管道建設主要采用的是不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)無縫管,但口徑受到了限制。隨著焊管生產技術的發展和焊管質量的提高以及不銹鋼(gang)焊管的直徑可以做得更大,焊管很快就替代了不銹鋼無縫管,成為管道建設的主角。隨著管道建設向大型化、高輸送量發展,中大口徑的管道基本采用了焊管,90年代以來,我國油氣管道的主干線全部被焊管所壟斷,不銹鋼無縫管主要用于支線管、集輸管線、海底管線和城市的管網。
70-80年代成(cheng)都無縫(feng)、包鋼等企業按《一般無縫(feng)鋼管(guan)》(YB 231-1970)和后(hou)來的《輸送(song)流體用無縫(feng)鋼管(guan)》(GB/T 8163-1987)標準(zhun),生產流體輸送(song)用管(guan),主要(yao)牌號:A3(A3F)、10、20、16Mn、Q235、Q295、Q345等,主要(yao)管(guan)徑(jing):Φ159mm、ф219mm、φ273mm、Φ325mm、φ426mm、最大管(guan)徑(jing)為Φ630mm。
從(cong)80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)開(kai)(kai)始,我(wo)國(guo)開(kai)(kai)展了(le)(le)按API標準開(kai)(kai)發(fa)研制(zhi)專(zhuan)用不銹鋼無縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),為(wei)了(le)(le)適應這一發(fa)展的需要,成都(dou)無縫廠從(cong)80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)末開(kai)(kai)始了(le)(le)按照(zhao)API5L標準,開(kai)(kai)發(fa)研制(zhi)生產(chan)(chan)A、B、X42~X52鋼級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。于1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)獲(huo)得(de)了(le)(le)API 5L會標許可(ke)證,并(bing)于當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)向泰國(guo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)口管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)向臺灣地(di)區出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)口Φ245mm的管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。90年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)中后期又(you)(you)研制(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)X56、X60、X65鋼級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),并(bing)為(wei)勝利油田批量供應X56級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);向伊拉克出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)口幾萬噸X60級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。天津鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公司250連軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機組(zu)投產(chan)(chan)后不久就開(kai)(kai)始了(le)(le)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)研制(zhi),1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)油田開(kai)(kai)發(fa)研制(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)X56級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)φ219.1×12.7mm海(hai)(hai)底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)勝利油田開(kai)(kai)發(fa)生產(chan)(chan)X56鋼級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)ф114.3mm×10mm、ф273.1mm×12.7mm海(hai)(hai)底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1999-2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)沙特阿美公司開(kai)(kai)發(fa)生產(chan)(chan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)4萬噸X60鋼級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)ф168.3mmx12.7mm、φ219.1mmx12.7mm、φ273.1mmx12.7mm等多個(ge)規格(ge)的海(hai)(hai)底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)后又(you)(you)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)X65Q、X70Q、X80Q級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高強度管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),適合海(hai)(hai)洋環境(jing)(jing)和抗腐(fu)蝕環境(jing)(jing)的X60QS、X65QS鋼級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),適合低溫環境(jing)(jing)的X60L、X65L管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。
2005年(nian)(nian)以后隨著國內幾(ji)條(tiao)中(zhong)大口徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)連軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建立,如衡陽(yang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、攀(pan)(pan)成鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)Φ340mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu),天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、包(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)ф460mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu),天淮的(de)(de)(de)(de)φ508mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu),以及(ji)天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)Φ720mm斜(xie)軋(ya)擴管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu),衡陽(yang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)φ720mm周期(qi)式軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu),使(shi)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直徑擴大到(dao)Φ711mm,其中(zhong)包(bao)括ф323.9mm、ф406mm、Φ457mm、φ508mm、φ610mm等(deng)(deng)。2007年(nian)(nian)塔里(li)木油田(tian)迪(di)那氣田(tian),使(shi)用了天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)當時最大口徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)ф457mmx17.5mm、X60Q鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)級不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),2008年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)海油潿洲項目使(shi)用了適合海洋(yang)環境和(he)抗腐蝕環境X60QS及(ji)X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)級Φ406.4mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)產(chan)品。另外(wai),天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)司2010年(nian)(nian)在國內首次開(kai)發(fa)了適合深水(shui)作業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)盤管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)用無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),且產(chan)品成功出(chu)口到(dao)歐洲。無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)極(ji)大地(di)(di)滿足(zu)國內陸地(di)(di)、海洋(yang)油氣田(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)和(he)建設(she),并大量出(chu)口到(dao)中(zhong)東(dong)、東(dong)南亞、非(fei)洲、美洲、歐洲等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)。近10年(nian)(nian)來(lai),我國無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生產(chan)企業(ye)天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、衡陽(yang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、攀(pan)(pan)成鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、包(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng),每(mei)年(nian)(nian)都生產(chan)大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)出(chu)口到(dao)國外(wai),出(chu)口量在150~227萬噸之間,占(zhan)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)出(chu)口量的(de)(de)(de)(de)42%~49.5%,鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)級從(cong)B級到(dao)X級(X42-X70及(ji)少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)X80),品種包(bao)括海底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、抗硫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng),見圖8-7和(he)圖8-8。