我國早期的管道建設主要采用的是不銹鋼無縫(feng)管,但口徑受到了限制。隨著焊管生產技術的發展和焊管質量的提高以及不銹鋼焊(han)管(guan)的直徑可以做得更大,焊管很快就替代了不銹鋼無縫管,成為管道建設的主角。隨著管道建設向大型化、高輸送量發展,中大口徑的管道基本采用了焊管,90年代以來,我國油氣管道的主干線全部被焊管所壟斷,不銹鋼無縫管主要用于支線管、集輸管線、海底管線和城市的管網。


  70-80年代(dai)成都(dou)無縫、包鋼(gang)等企業按《一般無縫鋼(gang)管》(YB 231-1970)和后(hou)來的《輸送流(liu)體用無縫鋼(gang)管》(GB/T 8163-1987)標準,生(sheng)產流(liu)體輸送用管,主(zhu)要牌號(hao):A3(A3F)、10、20、16Mn、Q235、Q295、Q345等,主(zhu)要管徑:Φ159mm、ф219mm、φ273mm、Φ325mm、φ426mm、最大管徑為Φ630mm。


  從(cong)80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)開(kai)(kai)始(shi),我國開(kai)(kai)展了(le)(le)(le)按API標(biao)準(zhun)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)研(yan)制(zhi)專用不銹鋼(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)適(shi)(shi)應這一發(fa)展的(de)需要,成都無(wu)縫(feng)廠從(cong)80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)末開(kai)(kai)始(shi)了(le)(le)(le)按照API5L標(biao)準(zhun),開(kai)(kai)發(fa)研(yan)制(zhi)生產A、B、X42~X52鋼(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。于(yu)1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)獲得了(le)(le)(le)API 5L會標(biao)許可證(zheng),并于(yu)當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)向(xiang)泰國出(chu)(chu)口管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)向(xiang)臺灣地區出(chu)(chu)口Φ245mm的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。90年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)中后期又(you)研(yan)制(zhi)出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)X56、X60、X65鋼(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),并為(wei)勝利油(you)(you)田批量供應X56級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);向(xiang)伊拉克出(chu)(chu)口幾(ji)萬(wan)噸(dun)X60級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。天津鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公司250連(lian)軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機組(zu)投產后不久就開(kai)(kai)始(shi)了(le)(le)(le)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)研(yan)制(zhi),1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)渤海(hai)油(you)(you)田開(kai)(kai)發(fa)研(yan)制(zhi)出(chu)(chu)X56級(ji)φ219.1×12.7mm海(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)勝利油(you)(you)田開(kai)(kai)發(fa)生產X56鋼(gang)級(ji)ф114.3mm×10mm、ф273.1mm×12.7mm海(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1999-2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)沙特阿(a)美公司開(kai)(kai)發(fa)生產出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)4萬(wan)噸(dun)X60鋼(gang)級(ji)ф168.3mmx12.7mm、φ219.1mmx12.7mm、φ273.1mmx12.7mm等多(duo)個(ge)規格的(de)海(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)后又(you)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)出(chu)(chu)X65Q、X70Q、X80Q級(ji)高(gao)強度管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),適(shi)(shi)合海(hai)洋(yang)環境和(he)抗腐蝕環境的(de)X60QS、X65QS鋼(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),適(shi)(shi)合低溫環境的(de)X60L、X65L管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。


  2005年以后隨(sui)著(zhu)國(guo)內(nei)幾條中(zhong)大口(kou)(kou)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)軋(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)立,如衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、攀成鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)Φ340mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu),天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、包鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)ф460mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu),天(tian)淮的(de)(de)(de)φ508mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu),以及天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)Φ720mm斜軋(ya)(ya)擴管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu),衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)φ720mm周期式軋(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu),使(shi)(shi)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)直徑(jing)(jing)(jing)擴大到Φ711mm,其中(zhong)包括(kuo)ф323.9mm、ф406mm、Φ457mm、φ508mm、φ610mm等(deng)。2007年塔里木油田迪那氣田,使(shi)(shi)用(yong)了(le)天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生產的(de)(de)(de)當時最大口(kou)(kou)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)ф457mmx17.5mm、X60Q鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),2008年中(zhong)海(hai)油潿洲(zhou)項(xiang)目使(shi)(shi)用(yong)了(le)適合海(hai)洋(yang)環(huan)境和(he)抗(kang)腐(fu)蝕環(huan)境X60QS及X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)Φ406.4mm的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)產品。另(ling)外(wai),天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公司(si)2010年在國(guo)內(nei)首(shou)次開(kai)發了(le)適合深水作業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)盤管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)用(yong)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),且產品成功出(chu)口(kou)(kou)到歐洲(zhou)。無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發極(ji)大地(di)滿足國(guo)內(nei)陸地(di)、海(hai)洋(yang)油氣田的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發和(he)建(jian)設(she),并(bing)大量(liang)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)到中(zhong)東(dong)、東(dong)南(nan)亞、非洲(zhou)、美洲(zhou)、歐洲(zhou)等(deng)地(di)。近10年來,我國(guo)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生產企(qi)業(ye)天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、攀成鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、包鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng),每年都(dou)生產大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)到國(guo)外(wai),出(chu)口(kou)(kou)量(liang)在150~227萬噸之(zhi)間,占不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)42%~49.5%,鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)從B級(ji)(ji)(ji)到X級(ji)(ji)(ji)(X42-X70及少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)X80),品種包括(kuo)海(hai)底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、抗(kang)硫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng),見圖8-7和(he)圖8-8。


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