1980年初,當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家計劃委員(yuan)會根據當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)經濟(ji)環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao),開始(shi)組織油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),成立了工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)組。由當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)部與(yu)(yu)冶金(jin)(jin)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)位副部長掛(gua)帥,冶金(jin)(jin)部成立的(de)(de)(de)(de)專設機構為(wei)“板(ban)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)辦”,我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)非常榮幸(xing)地成為(wei)板(ban)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)辦的(de)(de)(de)(de)成員(yuan)之一(yi)。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi),我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)代(dai)表冶金(jin)(jin)部參與(yu)(yu)處理(li)(li)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)廠(chang)與(yu)(yu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)異議(yi)小組工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)小組共4人,除我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)外其余(yu)3人為(wei)石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)部技(ji)術人員(yuan),我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)任務(wu)是(shi)(shi)處理(li)(li)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田與(yu)(yu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)廠(chang)之間關于油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)異議(yi),并(bing)(bing)且對所發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)異議(yi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)分析(xi)。根據當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)分析(xi)認為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)問(wen)題,一(yi)是(shi)(shi)絲扣質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)差(cha);二(er)是(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)標準(zhun)不(bu)接軌、不(bu)通用(yong)(yong)。絲扣質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)差(cha)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機床(chuang)問(wen)題,國(guo)(guo)(guo)外用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機床(chuang)精(jing)度(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)且是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)梳(shu)刀加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),所以(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)螺紋精(jing)度(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)、光(guang)潔(jie)度(du)(du)好(hao);而國(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機床(chuang)是(shi)(shi)蘇聯老式機床(chuang),螺紋是(shi)(shi)板(ban)牙(ya)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),光(guang)潔(jie)度(du)(du)差(cha)、精(jing)度(du)(du)低,油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田井(jing)隊下國(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)經常出(chu)故障,所以(yi)當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田很(hen)不(bu)愿用(yong)(yong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。根據我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)報告和建(jian)議(yi),冶金(jin)(jin)部批準(zhun)對鞍鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、包鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)和成都無縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)廠(chang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)技(ji)術改造(zao),當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)被稱為(wei)“三(san)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)改造(zao)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)。主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)改造(zao)內容,其一(yi)是(shi)(shi)引(yin)(yin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)法國(guo)(guo)(guo)螺紋加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機床(chuang);其二(er)是(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)測技(ji)術裝備由執行(xing)(xing)蘇聯的(de)(de)(de)(de)rOCT標準(zhun)體系(xi)改造(zao)為(wei)執行(xing)(xing)世界通用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)API標準(zhun)體系(xi)。螺紋與(yu)(yu)標準(zhun)問(wen)題解決(jue)后,又(you)出(chu)現(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體幾(ji)何尺寸精(jing)度(du)(du)差(cha)以(yi)及(ji)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)質(zhi)(zhi)性能不(bu)穩定等(deng)問(wen)題,為(wei)了解決(jue)上(shang)述(shu)問(wen)題,國(guo)(guo)(guo)家又(you)批準(zhun)建(jian)設寶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)無縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與(yu)(yu)天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)廠(chang),采用(yong)(yong)連軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機組,并(bing)(bing)且從(cong)煉(lian)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)甚至從(cong)煉(lian)鐵開始(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)一(yi)貫制管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li),用(yong)(yong)以(yi)保證油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和品種。上(shang)述(shu)一(yi)系(xi)列的(de)(de)(de)(de)改造(zao),時(shi)(shi)(shi)間緊、項目繁雜,我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們只有(you)(you)連續苦(ku)戰才能完成。有(you)(you)一(yi)次(ci)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)從(cong)幾(ji)個(ge)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田處理(li)(li)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)異議(yi)回(hui)來(lai)上(shang)班時(shi)(shi)(shi),我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)領導居然問(wen)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)“你找誰”?因我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)曬得(de)那么黑,又(you)很(hen)疲勞(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)樣子(zi),他認不(bu)出(chu)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)了。為(wei)執行(xing)(xing)API標準(zhun),各廠(chang)不(bu)僅要(yao)(yao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口API量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)規,還(huan)要(yao)(yao)更新(xin)或引(yin)(yin)進(jin)(jin)(jin)具有(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)先進(jin)(jin)(jin)水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)各種物理(li)(li)、化(hua)學等(deng)檢(jian)測裝備。并(bing)(bing)且有(you)(you)大(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)需要(yao)(yao)溝通和協調,特(te)別是(shi)(shi)牽涉到很(hen)多(duo)專業(ye)部門,例如需要(yao)(yao)與(yu)(yu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)廠(chang)、石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鉆井(jing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)部門、質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監督、標準(zhun)、翻譯等(deng)部門的(de)(de)(de)(de)協同(tong)。時(shi)(shi)(shi)間緊、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)、難(nan)度(du)(du)大(da)。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)們幾(ji)乎沒(mei)有(you)(you)休(xiu)息日,不(bu)分晝夜(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),就這樣艱苦(ku)奮斗了三(san)年,在冶金(jin)(jin)部我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)得(de)了一(yi)個(ge)綽(chuo)號叫“API”。但油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)仍未達到當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)年產(chan)(chan)8萬噸的(de)(de)(de)(de)目標。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)發誓不(bu)要(yao)(yao)命也要(yao)(yao)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)化(hua)。
隨(sui)著石油(you)(you)(you)工業的(de)(de)(de)迅(xun)速(su)發(fa)展(zhan),目前我國已經(jing)成為世界油(you)(you)(you)井管(guan)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)生產基(ji)地。中國從事油(you)(you)(you)井管(guan)生產且取(qu)得API認證的(de)(de)(de)企業接近300家(jia)。進入21世紀以(yi)來(lai),國產油(you)(you)(you)井管(guan)產品(pin)已經(jing)覆蓋了(le)API5CT的(de)(de)(de)全部鋼(gang)級和規(gui)格。天津鋼(gang)管(guan)、寶鋼(gang)、華(hua)菱(ling)衡(heng)陽、攀(pan)成鋼(gang)和西(xi)姆(mu)萊(lai)斯等企業還建(jian)立了(le)本企業的(de)(de)(de)非(fei)API產品(pin)系列和特(te)殊扣(螺(luo)紋接頭(tou)(tou))系列,并且批量生產了(le)非(fei)API系列和特(te)殊螺(luo)紋接頭(tou)(tou)油(you)(you)(you)套管(guan)。
1985年我(wo)被調到國(guo)家計劃委員(yuan)會,先后在重三局、重點建(jian)設(she)司、寶(bao)鋼辦等部門工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),有(you)(you)了(le)服務(wu)于(yu)鋼管(guan)事業的機遇。具體參與(yu)了(le)寶(bao)鋼無縫(feng)、天(tian)津鋼管(guan)、成(cheng)都(dou)無縫(feng)、包鋼無縫(feng)、衡陽鋼管(guan)、鞍鋼無縫(feng)等廠項目建(jian)設(she)的論(lun)證、考察、實施(shi)、驗收等工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo),以(yi)及(ji)后來(lai)的民(min)企西姆萊斯、安徽(hui)天(tian)大(da)、常(chang)寶(bao)、中興能(neng)源、寶(bao)雞等廠項目的論(lun)證、顧問等工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。現在回憶(yi)起來(lai)仍感很(hen)自豪,當(dang)時(shi)我(wo)雖然(ran)很(hen)年輕(qing),但(dan)寶(bao)鋼ф140mm 鋼管(guan)投產時(shi)我(wo)竟擔當(dang)了(le)上崗工(gong)人的考核員(yuan)。幾十年過去了(le),我(wo)的工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)單(dan)位(wei)雖然(ran)有(you)(you)很(hen)多變化,但(dan)從(cong)未離開(kai)過鋼鐵事業,每(mei)一份工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)都(dou)為我(wo)提供了(le)為鋼管(guan)事業服務(wu)的機會。正如(ru)我(wo)的領導形容(rong)我(wo)是鉆進管(guan)子出不來(lai)的人。有(you)(you)些(xie)事至今仍記憶(yi)猶(you)新:
1. 關于中國油井管“地區規(gui)”的設置問題
根據API標(biao)準(zhun)規(gui)(gui)定,檢(jian)測(ce)油(you)井管螺紋(wen)的(de)螺紋(wen)規(gui)(gui)的(de)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)傳遞(di)程序是由美國(guo)國(guo)家標(biao)準(zhun)局(ju)設置的(de)基準(zhun)規(gui)(gui)-校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)世界(jie)各地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)“地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)”-“地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)”校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產單位的(de)校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)規(gui)(gui)-校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)規(gui)(gui)校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產中使用的(de)工作規(gui)(gui)。如(ru)若(ruo)不設“地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)”,我們每年將(jiang)有(you)大量(liang)螺紋(wen)規(gui)(gui)需(xu)拿(na)到國(guo)外計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)檢(jian)驗,時間長、外匯花費大。當(dang)時石油(you)部(bu)首先購買了(le)“地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)”,如(ru)果(guo)設在(zai)石油(you)部(bu)門,產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)質量(liang)異議(yi)時對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)鋼廠可(ke)能不利。當(dang)時我直接向API協會咨詢,并提交了(le)中國(guo)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)科學(xue)研究(jiu)院(yuan)符合API要求條件的(de)書面說(shuo)明,即該院(yuan)是具有(you)世界(jie)第三強實力的(de)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)科學(xue)研究(jiu)院(yuan),既不是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產方(fang)也(ye)不屬用戶方(fang),并且(qie)具有(you)認證權(quan)。當(dang)時API協會就(jiu)確認了(le)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)院(yuan)“地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)”的(de)權(quan)限(xian),同時登(deng)錄在(zai)API標(biao)準(zhun)冊上,并且(qie)撤銷(xiao)了(le)原(yuan)石油(you)部(bu)“地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)”的(de)權(quan)限(xian)。目前我們的(de)“地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)規(gui)(gui)”不僅校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)我國(guo)的(de)校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)規(gui)(gui)也(ye)校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)亞洲(zhou)其他地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)規(gui)(gui)。
2. 關于寶鋼(gang)規劃
2000年(nian)寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)委托我(wo)(wo)公司編(bian)制發展規劃(hua),我(wo)(wo)參與編(bian)制,我(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)(men)根據寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)帶(dai)鋼(gang)和(he)中厚板的(de)情(qing)況,建(jian)議增(zeng)加焊(han)(han)管篇,提(ti)出建(jian)設(she)(she)UOE和(he)HFW焊(han)(han)管機(ji)(ji)組,并(bing)且指出寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)不僅有優(you)質原(yuan)料、運輸方(fang)便(bian)、接近用戶等優(you)勢,而且經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)實力(li)雄厚,能(neng)夠抵御(yu)產(chan)(chan)品市場波動的(de)風險。因(yin)此,2003年(nian)寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)接受建(jian)議開始建(jian)設(she)(she)HFW機(ji)(ji)組與UOE大(da)型直縫(feng)焊(han)(han)管生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)線。關于UOE機(ji)(ji)組,當時(shi)寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)認(ren)為缺乏經(jing)(jing)驗,就聯(lian)合(he)日(ri)(ri)本(ben)住友合(he)作建(jian)設(she)(she),在選(xuan)擇O成型機(ji)(ji)能(neng)力(li)時(shi),住友堅持(chi)選(xuan)擇小(xiao)于或(huo)等于他們(men)(men)(men)現(xian)有的(de)機(ji)(ji)型,這樣(yang)我(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)(men)只能(neng)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)12m長的(de)大(da)焊(han)(han)管,僅可供(gong)國(guo)內使用,因(yin)為國(guo)際上(shang)(shang)一般要18.3m長,但(dan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)這么(me)長的(de)大(da)口徑焊(han)(han)管,0成型機(ji)(ji)壓力(li)要達720MN,要多投資3億元左右,寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)領(ling)導(dao)有些猶豫(yu),經(jing)(jing)我(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)(men)說服,寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)最終堅持(chi)上(shang)(shang)了大(da)壓機(ji)(ji),當時(shi)日(ri)(ri)本(ben)住友立即退(tui)出合(he)作,我(wo)(wo)對寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)說,退(tui)出更好(hao),我(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)(men)一定有能(neng)力(li)搞好(hao)。現(xian)在寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)已經(jing)(jing)成為了國(guo)內唯一的(de),世界(jie)上(shang)(shang)領(ling)先的(de)能(neng)夠生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)12.5~18.3m長度范圍的(de)直縫(feng)埋(mai)弧焊(han)(han)管廠家。國(guo)際上(shang)(shang)許多重大(da)天然氣管線多購買寶(bao)(bao)鋼(gang)UOE管。
3. 關于我國(guo)連軋管(guan)機的(de)芯(xin)棒國(guo)產(chan)化問題
芯棒(bang)是連(lian)軋(ya)管機(ji)組生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)流(liu)程中(zhong)不可(ke)缺(que)少的(de)重要(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)工(gong)具之一。芯棒(bang)對于軋(ya)機(ji)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)效率、軋(ya)制荒(huang)管的(de)長度、規格(ge)(ge)范圍以(yi)及產(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)質量影(ying)響(xiang)很大(da)(da)(da),所以(yi)對芯棒(bang)的(de)要(yao)求十(shi)分嚴格(ge)(ge)。當時(shi)我國(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)(da)部分鋼(gang)管廠(chang)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)進口芯棒(bang)。根(gen)據生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能力計算(suan),每年約消(xiao)耗(hao)新芯棒(bang)14500t左右,其中(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)規格(ge)(ge)限動(dong)芯棒(bang)主(zhu)要(yao)依(yi)靠進口。根(gen)據了解我國(guo)(guo)主(zhu)要(yao)從(cong)法(fa)國(guo)(guo)、意大(da)(da)(da)利、德(de)國(guo)(guo)進口,因為芯棒(bang)屬生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)消(xiao)耗(hao)工(gong)具,對生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、成(cheng)本影(ying)響(xiang)較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da),各廠(chang)都(dou)在研制。我當時(shi)有機(ji)會赴法(fa)、意、德(de)三(san)國(guo)(guo)芯棒(bang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)廠(chang)考(kao)察,看到工(gong)藝(yi)并不復(fu)雜,回國(guo)(guo)后向(xiang)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)各生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)廠(chang)介紹并寫文章宣傳,當了解到我國(guo)(guo)中(zhong)原特(te)鋼(gang)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)鍛造與連(lian)續(xu)熱(re)處(chu)理以(yi)及鍍(du)鉻工(gong)藝(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)、大(da)(da)(da)規格(ge)(ge)芯棒(bang),我立(li)即(ji)赴中(zhong)原特(te)鋼(gang),為他們咨詢和(he)編制規劃,確立(li)了長期生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)芯棒(bang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)重要(yao)和(he)必要(yao)性(xing)。目前(qian)我國(guo)(guo)芯棒(bang)基本國(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。
從世(shi)界限動芯(xin)棒產(chan)品市場看(kan),每(mei)年(nian)需(xu)求量(liang)約(yue)在20000t左右(you)。中(zhong)(zhong)原特鋼目前已是我國最大的芯(xin)棒生產(chan)廠(chang)。不僅提(ti)供(gong)國內,也提(ti)供(gong)國外,據了解(jie)如美國、日本、意大利(li)、阿根廷等(deng)國的多(duo)家公司向(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)原提(ti)出詢價,尋(xun)求合作(zuo),當(dang)時(shi)年(nian)需(xu)求量(liang)約(yue)3000t左右(you)。因此該(gai)產(chan)品國內、外均有一(yi)定的市場前景。