20世紀50年代到60年代初期(qi)，我國的火電機組多為(wei)(wei)5～12MW低、中壓小容量機組，蒸汽壓力為(wei)(wei)3.8MPa，溫(wen)度不超過(guo)450℃，所使(shi)用的管材僅為(wei)(wei)普通10號鋼和20號鋼；過(guo)熱(re)器、再熱(re)器高溫(wen)段使(shi)用少量低合金鋼，但這階段所用高壓鍋(guo)爐管全部從蘇聯進口。

  70年代中(zhong)期，我國(guo)(guo)引進(jin)了原西德DIN17175標準中(zhong)的熱(re)強鋼(gang)鋼(gang)管，并廣泛(fan)地(di)使用(yong)在火(huo)電鍋(guo)爐制(zhi)造和電站(zhan)建設中(zhong)。這些鋼(gang)也進(jin)入我國(guo)(guo)火(huo)電機組的用(yong)鋼(gang)系(xi)列(lie)，這階段(duan)所用(yong)高(gao)壓鍋(guo)爐管基本上是德國(guo)(guo)系(xi)列(lie)由德國(guo)(guo)進(jin)口。其間我國(guo)(guo)研制(zhi)的耐650℃高(gao)溫的G106（10Cr5MoWVTiB）已開(kai)始試制(zhi)并獲得(de)初步(bu)成功。

  80年代初我國引進了美國GE公司300MW和600MW亞臨界火電機組的設計、制造技術。美國ASME、ASTM標準的耐熱鋼進入我國，并相繼在成都無縫鋼管廠、鞍鋼無縫鋼管廠、上海鋼管廠、上海第五鋼鐵廠等生產獲得成功。這階段所用高壓鍋爐管基本上是美國火電機組用鋼系列，其低溫段用碳素鋼管，高溫段用奧氏體不銹鋼管。高溫段用管基本靠進口。所以當時我國發電機組形成多國鋼種、多國機型，專家戲言是“八國聯軍”沒有中國造。

  90年(nian)代(dai)，國家(jia)(jia)開(kai)始(shi)抓緊電(dian)(dian)站鋼(gang)材國產(chan)化的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，所以高壓(ya)鍋(guo)爐管獲得巨大發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)會。1989年(nian)國務院批準原(yuan)冶(ye)金部提出的(de)(de)(de)“發(fa)電(dian)(dian)設備(bei)用鋼(gang)國產(chan)化措(cuo)施(shi)方案(an)”，計(ji)劃投資7億(yi)元(yuan)，實(shi)際耗資近20億(yi)元(yuan)。對7個(ge)生產(chan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)設備(bei)用材的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)進(jin)行(xing)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術改(gai)造(zao)，其中高壓(ya)鍋(guo)爐管生產(chan)企(qi)業(ye)占5個(ge)。由國家(jia)(jia)計(ji)委(wei)牽(qian)頭組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)施(shi)、并組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)原(yuan)冶(ye)金部、機(ji)械部、電(dian)(dian)力部、船舶總公司對其技(ji)(ji)(ji)術改(gai)造(zao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)及(ji)改(gai)造(zao)后生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)火電(dian)(dian)用材進(jin)行(xing)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術評定(ding)(ding)和驗(yan)收。當年(nian)我有幸成為(wei)國家(jia)(jia)計(ji)委(wei)牽(qian)頭組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)施(shi)項目(mu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)組(zu)的(de)(de)(de)成員之一，工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)組(zu)主(zhu)要任務是負責督促檢查(cha)并組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)述部委(wei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術改(gai)造(zao)項目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)立項、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)建設、驗(yan)收投產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)情況以及(ji)生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)高壓(ya)鍋(guo)爐管產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)質量評定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。

  5個生產(chan)(chan)(chan)高(gao)壓(ya)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)爐(lu)(lu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)企業(ye)，其(qi)一(yi)成都無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)廠(chang)（后更名為攀成鋼(gang)）采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)皮爾(er)格機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)主(zhu)要生產(chan)(chan)(chan)大(da)口(kou)徑P22、12Cr1MoV、P91和(he)(he)小(xiao)(xiao)口(kou)徑T91鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)爐(lu)(lu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)；其(qi)二衡陽鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)廠(chang)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)連軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)并(bing)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)連鑄坯(pi)主(zhu)要生產(chan)(chan)(chan)12Cr1MoV鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)爐(lu)(lu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)；其(qi)三上海鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)廠(chang)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)精密軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)主(zhu)要生產(chan)(chan)(chan)T91和(he)(he)G102小(xiao)(xiao)口(kou)徑鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)爐(lu)(lu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)；其(qi)四北(bei)滿特(te)殊鋼(gang)股份有限公司采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)精密軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)主(zhu)要生產(chan)(chan)(chan)12CrlMoV和(he)(he)G102小(xiao)(xiao)口(kou)徑鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)爐(lu)(lu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)；其(qi)五武漢重(zhong)(zhong)型鑄鍛廠(chang)（471廠(chang)）采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)日本二手設備大(da)頂管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)主(zhu)要生產(chan)(chan)(chan)P22、12Cr1MoV、A106B大(da)口(kou)徑鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)爐(lu)(lu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。為了(le)盡快實現(xian)國產(chan)(chan)(chan)化，當(dang)時我們推行并(bing)組(zu)織了(le)也是國內第一(yi)次實現(xian)由北(bei)京鋼(gang)鐵研(yan)究總院（冶金部(bu)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)部(bu)門檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)）、上海發電成套(tao)設備設計研(yan)究所（一(yi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)爐(lu)(lu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)材檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)）、西安熱工(gong)(gong)研(yan)究所（電力部(bu)電站用(yong)(yong)(yong)材檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)）以及勞動部(bu)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)爐(lu)(lu)所（安全(quan)部(bu)門檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)）聯(lian)合承擔(dan)了(le)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)性能(neng)測(ce)試和(he)(he)質量的(de)全(quan)面(mian)評價(jia)工(gong)(gong)作。規避了(le)當(dang)時生產(chan)(chan)(chan)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)、安全(quan)等部(bu)門的(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)分別(bie)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)評價(jia)的(de)做法，產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)從產(chan)(chan)(chan)出(chu)到使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)確認(ren)，不(bu)但檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)過程時間長、同時造成重(zhong)(zhong)復檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)次數多、部(bu)門之間扯(che)皮多。

  經過3年的努力，7項改(gai)造工程及質(zhi)量評定已全部完成。屆時國內(nei)已具備批量生產火(huo)電設備所需的Φ10～1066.8mm×1.2～200mm規格(ge)的高壓鍋(guo)爐管的生產能力。核電用(yong)管和其他能源(yuan)用(yong)管的開發也(ye)取得突出成績。

  目前高(gao)壓鍋爐管和核(he)(he)電(dian)站(zhan)用(yong)管，已經(jing)開發的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)端產品包括T/P22、T/P91、T92、T23、Super304H；核(he)(he)島用(yong)（CPR1000機組）WB36CN1、P280GH、TU42C、TUE250，常規(gui)島用(yong)A335的(de)(de)(de)P22、WB36CN1等產品；尤其是(shi)寶鋼自主(zhu)研制成功的(de)(de)(de)核(he)(he)一級材(cai)料(liao)核(he)(he)電(dian)蒸發器用(yong)690U型管，打破了我(wo)國核(he)(he)電(dian)關鍵(jian)材(cai)料(liao)長期被進口產品壟(long)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)局面(mian)。