可(ke)變彈(dan)簧支(zhi)吊(diao)架的核心部件是一個被(bei)(bei)控制的圓(yuan)柱(zhu)彈(dan)簧，當(dang)被(bei)(bei)支(zhi)承管(guan)道發(fa)生豎向(xiang)位(wei)移時，會帶動(dong)圓(yuan)柱(zhu)彈(dan)簧的控制板使(shi)彈(dan)簧被(bei)(bei)壓縮或被(bei)(bei)拉長。
國(guo)家標準GB 10182共給出了A、B、C、D、E、F、G七種標準形(xing)式，與HG/T 20644標準是一致的(de)，如(ru)圖(tu)9-37所(suo)示：A型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為上螺(luo)紋(wen)懸吊(diao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；B型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為單耳懸吊(diao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；C型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為雙耳懸吊(diao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；D型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為上調節擱置型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；E型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為下(xia)調節擱置型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；F型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為支承擱置型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；G型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為并聯懸吊(diao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。它們的(de)適用(yong)情況分述(shu)如(ru)下(xia)。
A、B、C三種形(xing)式均為懸(xuan)吊型可變彈(dan)簧吊架，上(shang)端(duan)通過吊桿(gan)(gan)與生(sheng)根部件相連(lian)，下端(duan)則通過可調螺(luo)母和吊桿(gan)(gan)與附管部件相連(lian)。三者所不(bu)同的(de)是上(shang)端(duan)與吊桿(gan)(gan)的(de)連(lian)接方(fang)式不(bu)同。
D型和E型為擱置型可變(bian)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)吊架，即(ji)其底座擱置于(yu)支(zhi)(zhi)承梁或平臺梁的上面(mian)，下端(duan)則通(tong)過可調螺母和吊桿(gan)與附管部件相連。與A、B、C三種形式(shi)相比，D型、E型更(geng)容(rong)易使操作(zuo)人員接近，以便(bian)從彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)支(zhi)(zhi)吊架的刻度指示板上了解支(zhi)(zhi)承點的位(wei)移(yi)情況，并與計算值進行對比。D型和E型僅僅是吊桿(gan)與彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)連接的方式(shi)不同，前者便(bian)于(yu)隨時調節彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)荷載(zai)，而后(hou)者則對防(fang)止雨水進入彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)支(zhi)(zhi)架有(you)利。
F型(xing)為(wei)支(zhi)(zhi)托(tuo)(tuo)型(xing)可變(bian)彈(dan)(dan)簧支(zhi)(zhi)架，它與前(qian)面幾種吊架形式相比剛性較大，但(dan)當管(guan)道在(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)承點(dian)同(tong)時有橫向位(wei)移(yi)時，會因(yin)摩擦(ca)力的作用使它發生(sheng)傾斜甚至(zhi)失穩。為(wei)此，一些生(sheng)產廠則開發出了帶滾輪的支(zhi)(zhi)托(tuo)(tuo)型(xing)可變(bian)彈(dan)(dan)簧支(zhi)(zhi)架，當管(guan)子在(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)承點(dian)的橫向位(wei)移(yi)大于6mm時，應考慮選用帶滾輪的支(zhi)(zhi)托(tuo)(tuo)型(xing)可變(bian)彈(dan)(dan)簧支(zhi)(zhi)架。
G型(xing)為并(bing)聯懸吊型(xing)可(ke)變(bian)彈(dan)簧吊架，它(ta)常用于生根條件不太合適(shi)，或(huo)彈(dan)簧承載過大而需要并(bing)聯設置(zhi)時。當然，選用A～E中任何一種的兩個可(ke)變(bian)彈(dan)簧支(zhi)吊架并(bing)聯也可(ke)以，應視方便而定。
可(ke)變彈簧支吊架標準(zhun)系列中都(dou)給出了(le)它們的(de)對應關系數據(ju)表，選用時查表即可(ke)。
當管(guan)系中(zhong)某(mou)點的(de)(de)(de)垂直位(wei)移量(liang)較(jiao)大時(shi)，從標(biao)準彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)(huang)支(zhi)吊(diao)(diao)架(jia)表(biao)中(zhong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)已(yi)選不(bu)(bu)到合(he)適(shi)的(de)(de)(de)彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)(huang)支(zhi)吊(diao)(diao)架(jia)，即要么找不(bu)(bu)到最大工(gong)作位(wei)移能(neng)滿(man)足荷載要求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準系列，要么因剛(gang)度較(jiao)大而使荷載變化率(lv)超出標(biao)準要求(qiu)，此時(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)考慮采用(yong)串聯可(ke)(ke)(ke)變彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)(huang)支(zhi)吊(diao)(diao)架(jia)。如(ru)果彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)(huang)支(zhi)吊(diao)(diao)點的(de)(de)(de)垂直位(wei)移比較(jiao)大，選用(yong)兩個可(ke)(ke)(ke)變彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)(huang)串聯仍不(bu)(bu)能(neng)滿(man)足要求(qiu)時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以串聯更多的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)變彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)(huang)，但(dan)此時(shi)應考慮是(shi)否改用(yong)恒(heng)力彈(dan)(dan)簧(huang)(huang)更合(he)適(shi)。
當管道支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)點的荷載超出(chu)標準可變(bian)彈簧支(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)的最大允(yun)許荷載時，或者受支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)條件（如豎(shu)管支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)）、生根(gen)條件等(deng)限制不宜采(cai)用單(dan)個可變(bian)彈簧支(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)進行支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時，可選用兩個或兩個以上(shang)的可變(bian)彈簧支(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)并聯支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。
可(ke)(ke)變彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)支吊(diao)架串聯(lian)安裝時，應(ying)選用最大(da)荷(he)載相同(tong)的彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)，每個彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)的壓縮量應(ying)按其工(gong)作(zuo)位移范圍比例進(jin)行分(fen)配。可(ke)(ke)變彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)支吊(diao)架并聯(lian)安裝時，應(ying)選用同(tong)一(yi)型號的彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)，每個彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)承(cheng)受的荷(he)載應(ying)按并聯(lian)彈(dan)簧(huang)(huang)個數平均分(fen)配。
