①. 香蕉視頻app連接:不銹鋼管道安裝一般應具備下列條件:與管道有關的土建工程經檢査合格,滿足安裝要求;與管道連接的設備找正合格、固定完畢;必須在不銹鋼(gang)道安裝前完成的有關工序如脫脂、內部防腐與襯里等已進行完畢;管子、管件及香蕉視頻app連接:閥門等已按設計要求核對無誤并經檢驗合格,具備有關的技術證件,內部已清理干凈,不存雜物。


 ②. 不銹(xiu)鋼管道安裝前要復測管道地溝或支架是否符合管道安裝的標高、坡度及坡向,支架之間距是否符合圖紙和有關規范的要求。


 ③. 不銹鋼法蘭、焊縫及其他連接件的設置應便于檢修,并不得緊貼墻壁、樓板或管架。


 ④. 脫(tuo)脂后的(de)管(guan)子、管(guan)件及閥門,安裝前必須嚴格檢(jian)查,其內(nei)外表面是否有,油污痕(hen)跡(ji),如發現油跡(ji)污染時不得安裝,應重(zhong)新脫(tuo)脂處理。


 ⑤. 合(he)金鋼管道不應焊接(jie)臨(lin)時支撐(cheng)物,如必須(xu)焊接(jie),則要符合(he)焊接(jie)的有關規定。


 ⑥. 埋地管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)安裝時(shi),如遇地下水或積水,應(ying)采(cai)取排水措施。檢驗地基(ji)的承重能(neng)力(li)和穩定性;不符合(he)要求時(shi),應(ying)進行加(jia)固,然后才能(neng)進行管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)安裝。


 ⑦. 不銹(xiu)鋼管道安裝施工過程中與完工后應及時填寫各種技術施工文件,并按有關程序簽證。 埋地管道試壓防腐后,應辦理隱蔽工程驗收,并填寫如表 3-1 所示的“隱蔽工程記錄”, 施工技術資料均應整理存檔,現場應及時回填土,并分層夯實。


表 1.jpg


 ⑧. 凡(fan)穿(chuan)(chuan)過(guo)樓板、墻壁、基礎、層面(mian)的(de)管(guan)(guan)道(dao),均應加裝套管(guan)(guan)進行保護(hu),在套管(guan)(guan)內不得(de)有(you)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)接(jie)口,穿(chuan)(chuan)過(guo)屋面(mian)的(de)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)應有(you)防水肩(jian)和(he)防水帽。管(guan)(guan)道(dao)和(he)套管(guan)(guan)之間的(de)間隙(xi)宜用不燃材(cai)填(tian)塞(sai)。


 ⑨. 不銹鋼管道安裝工作如有間斷,應及時封閉敞開的管口。


 ⑩. 不銹鋼管道連接時,不得用強力組裝,也不得用加熱管子、加偏墊等方法來消除接口端面的空隙、偏差、錯口或不同心等缺陷。


 ?. 不銹鋼管道安裝的允許偏差見表 3-2 。


表 2.jpg


 ?. 距離較近的兩個設備連(lian)(lian)接管(guan),最好不直連(lian)(lian)(連(lian)(lian)接管(guan)有伸縮器者除外),一般采用45°斜接或90°彎接,如圖 3-2 所示。


圖 2.jpg


 ?. 輸送(song)有(you)毒(du)或腐(fu)蝕性(xing)介質的(de)管道,不應(ying)在(zai)人行(xing)道上(shang)方設閥件(jian)、法蘭等,以兔泄(xie)漏發生事(shi)故。


 ?. 不銹鋼管道安裝合格后,不得承受設計外的附加載荷;管道試壓、吹掃合格后,應該對管道與設備的接口進行復位檢查,其偏差不得超過相關規定。


 ?. 不(bu)銹鋼管道布置的一般可參照表 3-3 ;工藝管線的布置要點可以參照表 3-4 。


 不銹鋼(gang)管道(dao)布(bu)置一般要(yao)求(qiu):


  架空在(zai)(zai)(zai)垂直(zhi)面(mian)(mian)內布(bu)置:①. 熱介質(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang),冷介質(zhi)和液(ye)化(hua)氣管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)。②. 無腐(fu)蝕性介質(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang),有腐(fu)蝕性介質(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)。③. 小管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)應盡量支(zhi)撐在(zai)(zai)(zai)大管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)上(shang)(shang)方或(huo)吊在(zai)(zai)(zai)大管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)下(xia)(xia)面(mian)(mian)。④. 氣體(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang),液(ye)體(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)。⑤. 不經常檢修的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang),檢修頻繁的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)。⑥. 高壓管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang),低(di)壓管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)。 ⑦. 保溫(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang),不保溫(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)。⑧. 金(jin)屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang),非(fei)金(jin)屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)。


  室(shi)內(nei)沿墻(qiang)平行布置:①. 大管(guan)(guan)靠(kao)墻(qiang),小(xiao)管(guan)(guan)在外(wai)。②. 常(chang)溫(wen)管(guan)(guan)道靠(kao)墻(qiang),熱介質管(guan)(guan)道在外(wai)。③. 支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)少的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)道靠(kao)墻(qiang),支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)多的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)道在外(wai)。④. 不經常(chang)檢修的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)道靠(kao)墻(qiang),經常(chang)檢修的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)道在外(wai)。⑤. 高壓管(guan)(guan)道靠(kao)墻(qiang),低壓管(guan)(guan)道在外(wai)。


  管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)間(jian)距(ju)(ju)的(de)確定:①. 管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)間(jian)距(ju)(ju)以便于對管(guan)(guan)子、閥門、保溫層(ceng)進(jin)行(xing)安(an)裝和檢修(xiu)為原則。②. 對于管(guan)(guan)子的(de)外壁(bi)(bi)(bi)、法蘭邊緣、保溫層(ceng)外壁(bi)(bi)(bi)等(deng)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)最突出(chu)部分距(ju)(ju)墻壁(bi)(bi)(bi)或柱邊的(de)距(ju)(ju)離應小于100mm。③. 管(guan)(guan)外壁(bi)(bi)(bi)距(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)架橫梁端距(ju)(ju)離不小于100mm。④. 兩根(gen)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)最突出(chu)部分的(de)凈距(ju)(ju);中低壓管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)為40~60mm叫高壓管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)為70~90mm。⑤. 并排管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)上的(de)并列閥門手(shou)柄凈距(ju)(ju)為100mm。


  管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)相遇的避(bi)讓(rang)原則:①. 分支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)讓(rang)主干管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao) ②. 小(xiao)口徑(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)讓(rang)大口徑(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。③. 有壓力管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)讓(rang)無壓力管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao),低(di)壓管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)讓(rang)高壓管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。④. 常(chang)溫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)讓(rang)高溫或(huo)低(di)溫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。⑤. 輔助管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)讓(rang)物(wu)料管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao),一(yi)般物(wu)料管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)讓(rang)易(yi)結晶、易(yi)沉淀管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。


  管(guan)(guan)路布(bu)置(zhi)注意事項(xiang):①. 管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)不(bu)應擋住(zhu)窗、門,應避免通過電動(dong)機、配電盤(pan)、儀表箱(盤(pan))的(de)上(shang)(shang)方。②. 管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)布(bu)置(zhi)應盡量避免在液體(ti)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)上(shang)(shang)產生(sheng)(sheng)“氣(qi)袋”即(ji)上(shang)(shang)凸現(xian)象(xiang),和氣(qi)體(ti)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)上(shang)(shang)產生(sheng)(sheng)“液袋”即(ji)下凹現(xian)象(xiang)。③. 管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)布(bu)置(zhi)不(bu)能妨礙設備和閥門檢(jian)修。④. 輸送(song)易燃易爆介質的(de)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao),不(bu)得布(bu)置(zhi)在走(zou)廊、樓梯(ti)和生(sheng)(sheng)活間。⑤. 管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)上(shang)(shang)的(de)安(an)全放空管(guan)(guan)應引至(zhi)室外并高出鄰(lin)近建筑物。


工(gong)藝管(guan)線與泵(beng)類(lei)管(guan)線布置要點:


  工藝管(guan)(guan)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi):①. 塔(ta)和(he)(he)立式容(rong)器(qi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)線,除(chu)個(ge)別小管(guan)(guan)線可沿(yan)平(ping)臺(tai)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)外,其(qi)余管(guan)(guan)線應盡(jin)(jin)量(liang)靠設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)旁邊布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)。②. 盡(jin)(jin)量(liang)避(bi)(bi)免把閥(fa)門和(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)量(liang)加在(zai)(zai)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接口法蘭短管(guan)(guan)上(shang)。當閥(fa)門直接與設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)法5短管(guan)(guan)連接時(shi),對(dui)于DN≥80mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)閥(fa)門應設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)支架。③. 真空(kong)管(guan)(guan)線應盡(jin)(jin)量(liang)縮短和(he)(he)減少轉彎,以減少阻力降。④. 塔(ta)和(he)(he)容(rong)器(qi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全閥(fa)通往大氣時(shi),其(qi)放出口應盡(jin)(jin)量(liang)高于附近最高設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei),并朝(chao)(chao)向空(kong)地,避(bi)(bi)免朝(chao)(chao)向通道和(he)(he)梯子(zi),并要避(bi)(bi)免放出的(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)落(luo)到熱(re)油(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)線上(shang)而(er)發生火災。⑤. 為了便(bian)于清(qing)掃和(he)(he)消防(fang),在(zai)(zai)塔(ta)和(he)(he)容(rong)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每(mei)一層平(ping)臺(tai)上(shang)、換熱(re)器(qi)框架上(shang)、冷(leng)凝(ning)器(qi)平(ping)臺(tai)上(shang)等處均應有DN=20mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸汽接頭(tou)。⑥. 塔(ta)底(di)管(guan)(guan)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)閥(fa)門與法蘭接口,不要布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)狹(xia)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)底(di)座裙內,以防(fang)操作時(shi)發生漏油(you)(you)燙傷(shang)事故。⑦. 易凍(dong)凝(ning)介質的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻水(shui)箱應通人蒸汽管(guan)(guan),防(fang)止介質過冷(leng)而(er)凍(dong)凝(ning)。


  泵(beng)(beng)(beng)類管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)布(bu)置(zhi):①. 離(li)心泵(beng)(beng)(beng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應(ying)(ying)盡量(liang)縮短(duan),盡量(liang)減少轉彎。②. 離(li)心泵(beng)(beng)(beng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應(ying)(ying)盡量(liang)遘免產生“氣(qi)袋”而(er)導(dao)致(zhi)離(li)心泵(beng)(beng)(beng)抽(chou)空。若不(bu)能避(bi)(bi)免時(shi),需在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)“氣(qi)袋”頂加裝DN=15~20mm放(fang)氣(qi)閥(fa)(fa)。③. 離(li)心泵(beng)(beng)(beng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)平(ping)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)段上(shang)變(bian)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),需采(cai)用偏心大(da)小頭(tou),保持管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)頂平(ping)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以避(bi)(bi)免形(xing)成“氣(qi)袋”。④. 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)緊靠(kao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)法蘭(lan)處,應(ying)(ying)考慮(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)開(kai)工(gong)時(shi)能安(an)裝臨時(shi)過濾器。⑤. 泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)及閥(fa)(fa)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重量(liang)不(bu)得壓(ya)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)體上(shang),應(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)靠(kao)近泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)段上(shang)裝設恰(qia)當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)吊架(jia)(jia)。⑥. 重油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)房或重油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)房區以及靠(kao)近燃料油(you)火嘴的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方,需設有(you)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和蒸汽管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭(tou),以便于吹(chui)掃。⑦. 往復泵(beng)(beng)(beng)和壓(ya)縮機進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)易振動,一般不(bu)能采(cai)用簡單支(zhi)吊架(jia)(jia),應(ying)(ying)用托架(jia)(jia)卡死,或用彈(dan)簧(huang)支(zhi)架(jia)(jia),或進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)采(cai)用金屬軟管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。⑧. 泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)布(bu)置(zhi)必須(xu)便于操作及檢修,輸送熱介質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)必須(xu)考慮(lv)熱伸長(chang),防止熱應(ying)(ying)力(li)影響法蘭(lan)接口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嚴密性。⑨. 泵(beng)(beng)(beng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隔(ge)斷(duan)閥(fa)(fa)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)相同(tong)。泵(beng)(beng)(beng)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)相同(tong)時(shi),閥(fa)(fa)門(men)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)相同(tong),泵(beng)(beng)(beng)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)比出(chu)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)小一檔時(shi),閥(fa)(fa)門(men)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)與(yu)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)相同(tong)。⑩. 離(li)心泵(beng)(beng)(beng)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旋啟(qi)式止回(hui)(hui)閥(fa)(fa),一般應(ying)(ying)裝在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)隔(ge)斷(duan)閥(fa)(fa)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)垂直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)段上(shang),止回(hui)(hui)閥(fa)(fa)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)隔(ge)斷(duan)閥(fa)(fa)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)相同(tong)。