不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦(wa)楞形板是不(bu)銹鋼(gang)寬幅型鋼(gang)的(de)一(yi)種，由(you)于其形狀如同頂上用瓦(wa)片鋪成的(de)行列隆起部分，故(gu)稱為(wei)香蕉視頻app連接:不銹鋼瓦楞形板，如(ru)圖5-37所示(shi)。
人(ren)們過去常見的(de)(de)“瓦(wa)楞（形(xing)）板(ban)”大都是(shi)用普通低碳鋼，也就是(shi)非(fei)合金鋼材(cai)料(liao)制成(cheng)的(de)(de)（見圖5-38),還有用非(fei)金屬材(cai)料(liao)如(ru)石棉、塑料(liao)、紙板(ban)等制成(cheng)的(de)(de)瓦(wa)楞形(xing)板(ban)。這些瓦(wa)楞形(xing)板(ban)主(zhu)要(yao)用于(yu)建筑領域的(de)(de)屋頂材(cai)料(liao)、外(wai)墻(qiang)材(cai)料(liao)和各種包裝箱體的(de)(de)外(wai)形(xing)材(cai)料(liao)和產品包裝箱、盒(he)等，之所(suo)以做成(cheng)瓦(wa)楞形(xing)狀(zhuang)，主(zhu)要(yao)目的(de)(de)是(shi)增加結(jie)構剛度和穩定性。因此，其(qi)尺寸精度和表(biao)面質量要(yao)求及材(cai)質要(yao)求都不是(shi)很高。
此處介紹的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)瓦(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)與普通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)“瓦(wa)楞(leng)（形(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)”有著本(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同，首先材料(liao)是不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)，無(wu)疑要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)比普通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)“瓦(wa)楞(leng)（形(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)”具(ju)有更(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)強度、良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)腐蝕(shi)(shi)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)和極好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)裝飾(shi)效果，另(ling)外在結構上也大(da)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相(xiang)同。這些(xie)都賦予了不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)瓦(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)具(ju)有普通(tong)“瓦(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)”的(de)(de)(de)各種功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)與作用，而(er)且具(ju)有普通(tong)“瓦(wa)楞(leng)（形(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)”沒(mei)有的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)，即不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)瓦(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)可以作為傳熱元件(jian)使用。作為傳熱元件(jian)，對(dui)(dui)其各方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求就(jiu)比普通(tong)“瓦(wa)楞(leng)（形(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)”高(gao)得多，特別(bie)是對(dui)(dui)瓦(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)表觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求。對(dui)(dui)瓦(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)表觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)體(ti)現(xian)在對(dui)(dui)外形(xing)(xing)尺(chi)(chi)寸和表面(mian)質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求上。因(yin)此，采用何(he)(he)種方(fang)式、何(he)(he)種工藝(yi)加工生產(chan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)瓦(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)就(jiu)成為保證其外形(xing)(xing)尺(chi)(chi)寸和質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵。其他性(xing)能(neng)(neng)（機械性(xing)能(neng)(neng)、耐(nai)腐蝕(shi)(shi)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)和焊接性(xing)能(neng)(neng)）主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)取決于所選用的(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)。
1. 不銹鋼瓦(wa)楞形(xing)板外形(xing)尺(chi)寸
從圖(tu)(tu)5-37和(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)5-39可(ke)以(yi)看出不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)的(de)(de)外(wai)表形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)是(shi)有(you)規律(lv)、周期性(xing)變化的(de)(de)，而且(qie)彎(wan)曲(qu)深(shen)度較小(xiao)、形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)單(dan)一，不(bu)僅有(you)橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋，而且(qie)還有(you)縱向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋。所(suo)以(yi)說(shuo)，其(qi)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)既簡(jian)單(dan)又復雜(za)，簡(jian)單(dan)是(shi)指(zhi)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)單(dan)一，有(you)規律(lv)；復雜(za)是(shi)指(zhi)不(bu)僅有(you)橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋，而且(qie)還有(you)縱向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋。這(zhe)就給(gei)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)的(de)(de)成(cheng)型帶來不(bu)小(xiao)的(de)(de)難(nan)度，在(zai)成(cheng)型工藝(yi)上必須采取(qu)相應的(de)(de)工藝(yi)措(cuo)施和(he)(he)手段，方能(neng)保(bao)證獲得要求的(de)(de)外(wai)形(xing)(xing)尺寸(cun)和(he)(he)成(cheng)型質量。
圖5-39是(shi)不銹鋼(gang)瓦(wa)楞形板的(de)(de)實物(wu)照片(pian)，從圖片(pian)可以(yi)看出(chu)，不銹鋼(gang)瓦(wa)楞形板的(de)(de)外(wai)表和形狀是(shi)非常美觀、漂(piao)亮的(de)(de)，具有(you)較高的(de)(de)觀賞性，如(ru)同工藝品(pin)(pin)、裝飾品(pin)(pin)。
圖(tu)5-39不銹鋼瓦楞形板A-A截(jie)面(mian)尺(chi)寸，見圖(tu)5-40,B-B截(jie)面(mian)尺(chi)寸，見圖(tu)5-41。
不銹鋼瓦楞形板成品實(shi)物斷面(mian)圖片，見圖5-40(b)和圖5-41(b)。
從圖5-40和圖5-41可以看出，不銹鋼(gang)(gang)瓦(wa)楞形板(ban)的(de)斷面(mian)變化的(de)規律是周期性的(de)，斷面(mian)形狀(zhuang)是關于(yu)縱向中心線(xian)為對(dui)稱的(de)型鋼(gang)(gang)，彎(wan)曲深(shen)(shen)度較淺，深(shen)(shen)度僅(jin)有7mm。
不銹鋼瓦楞形板外形尺寸精度(du)：截面最(zui)大(da)邊長誤差≤0.3mm;圓角最(zui)大(da)直徑：≤2.0mm;縱向(xiang)、橫向(xiang)彎(wan)曲度(du)：每米(mi)≤1mm; 扭(niu)轉(zhuan)：每米(mi)≤1°。
2. 瓦楞形板橫(heng)向波紋的成型
不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)瓦(wa)楞形(xing)(xing)板輥式冷(leng)彎成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型時，首先將不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)冷(leng)軋平板預彎曲(qu)鐓壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)弧形(xing)(xing)波(bo)紋，如圖5-42所示的(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型輥孔形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)。輥形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)，向(xiang)下彎曲(qu)的(de)(de)(de)弧形(xing)(xing)直徑(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)Φ=265mm,向(xiang)上彎曲(qu)的(de)(de)(de)弧形(xing)(xing)直徑(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)Φ=164mm,帶鋼(gang)(gang)進入并通過如此輥型是毫不(bu)困難(nan)的(de)(de)(de)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)波(bo)長（周期）為(wei)(wei)(wei)83.40mm,弧深(shen)度(du)（垂(chui)直位(wei)移(yi)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)4.12mm,這(zhe)個(ge)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)無論是在變(bian)形(xing)(xing)寬度(du)上，還是變(bian)形(xing)(xing)深(shen)度(du)上都是可行的(de)(de)(de)和符合要(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)波(bo)長（周期）橫(heng)向(xiang)位(wei)移(yi)（減(jian)寬量(liang)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.60mm,相對減(jian)寬率(lv)（橫(heng)向(xiang)位(wei)移(yi)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.71%,見圖5-42,如此的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)移(yi)（減(jian)寬量(liang)）不(bu)會對鐓壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)困難(nan)和產生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型缺(que)陷(xian)，這(zhe)些都為(wei)(wei)(wei)第二架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型輥再鐓壓(ya)(ya)創造了(le)條件(jian)。
第(di)(di)二架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)(gun)在(zai)第(di)(di)一(yi)架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)(de)鐓(dui)壓(ya)基(ji)礎(chu)上，再(zai)次鐓(dui)壓(ya)，使其達到(dao)如圖5-42所示的(de)(de)(de)孔形(xing)形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，弧度(du)直徑分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)Φ=133mm和(he)p=82mm,一(yi)個(ge)(ge)波長（周(zhou)期）為(wei)(wei)81.70mm、弧深(shen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)8.18mm,這(zhe)就是說寬度(du)和(he)深(shen)度(du)更(geng)接近(jin)于成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，而(er)相對減寬量(liang)（水平位移）僅為(wei)(wei)1.42mm,相對減寬率(lv)（水平方向(xiang)）為(wei)(wei)1.7%,要比第(di)(di)一(yi)道次大(da)了許多(duo)，這(zhe)是符合(he)開始(shi)小(xiao)一(yi)些、中間大(da)一(yi)些的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)規律要求的(de)(de)(de)，見第(di)(di)三架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)(gun)在(zai)第(di)(di)二架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)(de)鐓(dui)壓(ya)基(ji)礎(chu)上，再(zai)鐓(dui)壓(ya)，使其達到(dao)如圖5-42所示的(de)(de)(de)孔形(xing)形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，這(zhe)時將已經成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)弧形(xing)瓦(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)鐓(dui)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)梯形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)瓦(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)，而(er)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)波長（周(zhou)期）為(wei)(wei)80mm,相對減寬量(liang)（水平位移）僅為(wei)(wei)2.28mm,一(yi)個(ge)(ge)波長（周(zhou)期）相對減寬率(lv)（水平方向(xiang)）為(wei)(wei)2.79%.通過鐓(dui)壓(ya)使弧深(shen)由8.18mm減小(xiao)為(wei)(wei)7.00mm,這(zhe)樣可使梯形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)更(geng)加精確到(dao)位，為(wei)(wei)最后(hou)沖壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)達到(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)及尺寸(cun)奠定(ding)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)，此時，橫向(xiang)鐓(dui)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)已全部完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，隨(sui)后(hou)將采用沖壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)(gun)在(zai)已成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)橫向(xiang)波紋上完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)最終成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)。
圖(tu)5-42是(shi)各架次成型輥輥形尺寸圖(tu)。
第三(san)架成(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)輥(gun)形圖和孔形圖，見圖5-43.第三(san)架成(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)應是(shi)由多(duo)片(pian)輥(gun)片(pian)疊加組合而(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)組合輥(gun)，輥(gun)片(pian)的(de)(de)水平段和圓(yuan)弧(hu)(hu)段采取(qu)與(yu)板(ban)材接(jie)觸(chu)的(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)，而(er)傾(qing)斜(xie)段則采取(qu)與(yu)板(ban)材不接(jie)觸(chu)的(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)，為的(de)(de)是(shi)減少成(cheng)型(xing)表面的(de)(de)擦劃傷，此(ci)外，如(ru)此(ci)結構也將便于成(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)的(de)(de)加工(gong)和隨后的(de)(de)使用與(yu)維(wei)護等。上(shang)(shang)、下(xia)輥(gun)斜(xie)角(jiao)采取(qu)圓(yuan)弧(hu)(hu)過(guo)渡，一(yi)般情況下(xia)，圓(yuan)弧(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)直徑應大于板(ban)厚，所以圖5-43所示的(de)(de)第三(san)架上(shang)(shang)、下(xia)輥(gun)斜(xie)角(jiao)的(de)(de)圓(yuan)弧(hu)(hu)過(guo)渡直徑為2.0mm,見圖5-43局(ju)部放大圖。
3. 縱向波紋的成(cheng)型
縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)向波紋的成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是在(zai)橫向波紋成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之后的橫向波紋上成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的。所以(yi)在(zai)已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的波紋上再成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)向波紋是有難(nan)度(du)的。其難(nan)度(du)主要表現為，可能破壞(huai)已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的橫向波紋，而且縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)向波紋也成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不好。選(xuan)用何種方式成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)就成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為縱(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)向波紋成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的關鍵。
沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)就是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)一對成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)上，按工藝(yi)和(he)產品(pin)的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)要(yao)面上間隙分(fen)布著凸起(qi)和(he)凹(ao)陷的(de)(de)部分(fen)，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)壓(ya)制成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)的(de)(de)縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)，同(tong)時又不能損(sun)壞已(yi)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)梯形(xing)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)，縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)尺寸圖(tu)(tu)及(ji)實物圖(tu)(tu)片(pian)，見(jian)圖(tu)(tu)5-40和(he)圖(tu)(tu)5-41。之所(suo)以將沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)置于(yu)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)后(hou)、平(ping)(ping)整(zheng)輥(gun)前，是(shi)為(wei)了保(bao)證(zheng)瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)的(de)(de)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)過程的(de)(de)穩(wen)定和(he)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)質量。可以想象，在(zai)(zai)(zai)沒(mei)有(you)(you)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)帶(dai)材(cai)上沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)凸起(qi)和(he)凹(ao)陷型(xing)(xing)材(cai)，由于(yu)自(zi)由度大沒(mei)有(you)(you)約束力，沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)坯料局部收(shou)縮(suo)，產生皺折及(ji)其他缺陷，影響成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)質量和(he)成(cheng)品(pin)的(de)(de)尺寸。另外，瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)型(xing)(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)截面受(shou)(shou)材(cai)料內部殘(can)余應力作用(yong)(yong)，很容易產生扭轉，這也會(hui)影響成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)過程的(de)(de)穩(wen)定性。但在(zai)(zai)(zai)瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)后(hou)、平(ping)(ping)整(zheng)輥(gun)前，再用(yong)(yong)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)輥(gun)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)其縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)，此時，已(yi)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)使(shi)瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)的(de)(de)剛度增大，同(tong)時又受(shou)(shou)到成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)和(he)平(ping)(ping)整(zheng)輥(gun)的(de)(de)約束，其自(zi)由度就減小。以上這些都可以有(you)(you)效地防止局部收(shou)縮(suo)和(he)型(xing)(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)扭轉，從而(er)對保(bao)證(zheng)瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)的(de)(de)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)及(ji)質量起(qi)到有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)保(bao)障作用(yong)(yong)。瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)輥(gun)的(de)(de)示意圖(tu)(tu)，見(jian)圖(tu)(tu)5-44。
沖壓成(cheng)型輥(gun)也應(ying)做成(cheng)組(zu)合式(shi)輥(gun)子，即(ji)由多輥(gun)片(pian)疊加(jia)組(zu)合而成(cheng)。這種(zhong)形式(shi)的輥(gun)子便(bian)(bian)于加(jia)工和維護，調整使用方便(bian)(bian)。
