2000年前后，隨著工程機械企業對材料要求的提高，鋼管(guan)生(sheng)產廠(chang)家除了新建一批先進的軋管機組外，還逐步加大了熱處理線的投入，以實現材料多狀態的交付，改變了以前只有正火、退火、回火的狀態，這對高強度鋼管的研發也起到了很大的作用。目前具備鋼管調質能力的企業有：天津鋼管、寶鋼、衡陽鋼管、湖北新冶鋼、新興鑄管、鞍鋼等。其中天津鋼管擁有十條熱處理線，寶鋼、衡陽鋼管也都有多條熱處理線，規格范圍覆蓋外徑Φ48～720mm；湖北新冶鋼先后建設了四條熱處理線，規格可覆蓋外徑Φ51～533mm，是熱處理比較好的企業之一。這些生產線的建設，為我國開發更高強度級別的如Q500、Q550、Q620、Q690、Q770、Q890等低合金高強度鋼創造了條件。2018年新修訂的《結構用無縫鋼管》（GB／T 8162-2018）將上述大部分牌號納入標準，從而與國外先進標準EN10210-1、EN10297-1更加接近。至此，高強度工程機械用鋼的牌號、化學成分、力學性能要求等，基本上與國際先進標準接軌。

一、起重(zhong)機(ji)臂架用無縫鋼管

  履(lv)(lv)帶(dai)式起重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機廣泛應用(yong)于橋(qiao)梁、發電設(she)備、煉油設(she)備、風力(li)發電機組以及海(hai)上工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)平臺(tai)(tai)等(deng)項目(mu)的施工(gong)(gong)，是工(gong)(gong)程機械中技術含量高、制造(zao)工(gong)(gong)藝復雜、具(ju)有獨特性能的起重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)作(zuo)業(ye)機械設(she)備。自(zi)2005年徐(xu)工(gong)(gong)集團率先研制成功我國(guo)第(di)一臺(tai)(tai)300t級履(lv)(lv)帶(dai)式起重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機開(kai)始，我國(guo)履(lv)(lv)帶(dai)式起重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機的發展迅速向大噸位攀升。在2009年和(he)(he)2010年，徐(xu)工(gong)(gong)集團、中聯(lian)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)科(ke)(ke)、三一重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)撫順(shun)挖掘機制造(zao)有限公司連續(xu)推(tui)(tui)出千噸級履(lv)(lv)帶(dai)式起重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機。2011年5月，中聯(lian)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)科(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)三一重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)又相(xiang)繼推(tui)(tui)出3000t級以上大型履(lv)(lv)帶(dai)式起重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機。2013年7月，徐(xu)工(gong)(gong)4000t級履(lv)(lv)帶(dai)式起重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機成功啟用(yong)，并將萬(wan)華煙臺(tai)(tai)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)園(yuan)高度為(wei)118m、直徑為(wei)14.4m、重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量為(wei)1680t的丙烯塔吊裝(zhuang)就(jiu)位，開(kai)啟了中國(guo)吊裝(zhuang)行業(ye)的新征(zheng)程。

作(zuo)為(wei)履(lv)帶式(shi)起(qi)(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)部(bu)件的(de)(de)組合臂(bei)架，是(shi)(shi)承載和輸送(song)的(de)(de)關鍵部(bu)位，臂(bei)架一(yi)般是(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)長度(du)(du)11m左右的(de)(de)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)作(zuo)為(wei)主弦(xian)臂(bei)管(guan)(guan)與腹臂(bei)管(guan)(guan)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)組合而(er)成。對于400t以(yi)上大型履(lv)帶式(shi)起(qi)(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機的(de)(de)臂(bei)架，主弦(xian)管(guan)(guan)所(suo)使用(yong)的(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)外徑更(geng)大、壁厚更(geng)厚、強(qiang)度(du)(du)更(geng)高(gao)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)不(bu)僅(jin)具有(you)更(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du)(du)和韌(ren)性(xing)，同時由(you)(you)于履(lv)帶式(shi)起(qi)(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機臂(bei)架全(quan)部(bu)由(you)(you)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)而(er)成，因此還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)具有(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)性(xing)能。國(guo)內(nei)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)使用(yong)的(de)(de)770MPa和890MPa級高(gao)強(qiang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)，衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)、天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)、新冶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、寶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、鞍鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)產品已(yi)完(wan)全(quan)替代(dai)進口。天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)已(yi)成功供(gong)貨(huo)屈服強(qiang)度(du)(du)960MPa級別臂(bei)架管(guan)(guan)。

二、旋挖機鉆桿用無縫(feng)鋼管

  旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)是一種適合建筑基礎工(gong)(gong)程中成(cheng)孔作(zuo)(zuo)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)機(ji)械(xie)。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)是用(yong)在旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)與施工(gong)(gong)用(yong)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)之間，傳遞扭矩、軸向(xiang)壓(ya)力(li)等載荷，沿共同(tong)軸心、逐節(jie)(jie)伸縮的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)狀結構。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)由三到(dao)六(liu)根無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)經機(ji)加工(gong)(gong)、焊接后套(tao)(tao)(tao)裝(zhuang)而成(cheng)。其中，每(mei)根無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)構成(cheng)一節(jie)(jie)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)套(tao)(tao)(tao)筒，每(mei)節(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長度通(tong)常(chang)約10m左右(you)，直徑Φ159～630mm，壁厚(hou)8～45mm；每(mei)節(jie)(jie)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)套(tao)(tao)(tao)筒的(de)(de)(de)(de)外圓按120度均布(bu)焊接厚(hou)度x寬(kuan)度約為(wei)20mmx50mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)長外鍵，每(mei)節(jie)(jie)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)套(tao)(tao)(tao)筒下端內(nei)弧面上焊接了同(tong)樣厚(hou)度和寬(kuan)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)鍵（長約500～900mm）。為(wei)保(bao)證(zheng)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)機(ji)正常(chang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，要(yao)求(qiu)盡(jin)量(liang)縮小相鄰鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)套(tao)(tao)(tao)筒間的(de)(de)(de)(de)空隙(xi)，同(tong)時還要(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)各節(jie)(jie)套(tao)(tao)(tao)筒能夠自由伸縮，這對套(tao)(tao)(tao)筒用(yong)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸偏差及形(xing)狀精度提(ti)(ti)出(chu)了特(te)殊要(yao)求(qiu)。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)采用(yong)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)加工(gong)(gong)制造(zao)，由于對鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)質量(liang)要(yao)求(qiu)嚴、技(ji)(ji)術含量(liang)高(gao)，過(guo)去(qu)主要(yao)依靠從(cong)國外進口，目前(qian)(qian)國內(nei)生產旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)機(ji)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)用(yong)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業有(you)幾十家，國產品(pin)牌鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)已完全取代進口鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。國內(nei)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)制造(zao)企(qi)(qi)業和旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)生產企(qi)(qi)業積累了豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)經驗，現已形(xing)成(cheng)完善(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)制造(zao)技(ji)(ji)術標準和鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)批量(liang)供(gong)貨能力(li)，攀成(cheng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)牽頭(tou)起草的(de)(de)(de)(de)《旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)機(ji)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)用(yong)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》（GB／T 34109--2017）國家標準已實施，衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和天津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為(wei)北京三一智造(zao)科技(ji)(ji)有(you)限公司(si)開發的(de)(de)(de)(de)SY550和SY850旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)專(zhuan)用(yong)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，突破了目前(qian)(qian)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)用(yong)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)采購(gou)技(ji)(ji)術要(yao)求(qiu)，將新材料應(ying)用(yong)在其第五代旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)上，將旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命由2000h提(ti)(ti)升到(dao)3000h以上，助推中國的(de)(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)產品(pin)走在世界前(qian)(qian)列。