工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)和管(guan)道(dao)互相融合(he)，在設計時密不可(ke)分。國內外有些設計單(dan)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)和管(guan)道(dao)仍是同一個專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)，稱(cheng)作“工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)管(guan)道(dao)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)，有些設計單(dan)位(wei)(wei)分為工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)和管(guan)道(dao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)。無(wu)論(lun)如何分工(gong)，作為壓力(li)(li)管(guan)道(dao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)，應首(shou)先理解透徹工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)圖紙(zhi)文件，明白工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)原理，才能保證壓力(li)(li)管(guan)道(dao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)設計質量和工(gong)作效率。

  石油(you)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)項目具有一定的(de)周期性，有些年(nian)(nian)份(fen)煉油(you)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)較多，有些年(nian)(nian)份(fen)煤(mei)制油(you)煤(mei)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)較多，有些年(nian)(nian)份(fen)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)較多，有些年(nian)(nian)份(fen)電力(li)輕工(gong)(gong)等裝(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)較多，在(zai)這(zhe)種(zhong)市(shi)場經濟主導的(de)大環境下，設(she)計(ji)單位能(neng)中標的(de)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)類型也在(zai)變(bian)化(hua)。需要壓力(li)管(guan)道(dao)設(she)計(ji)人員熟練設(she)計(ji)煉油(you)（常減壓、催化(hua)重整(zheng)、加氫等）、化(hua)工(gong)(gong)（乙烯(xi)、化(hua)肥、LNG、LPG、PP、苯乙烯(xi)等）、煤(mei)制油(you)等各種(zhong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。

  實踐證明，無論是(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)工裝(zhuang)置、煉油裝(zhuang)置，還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)制藥裝(zhuang)置的壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)設(she)計，僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)工藝(yi)專業(ye)設(she)計內(nei)容不同(tong)，對(dui)于(yu)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)專業(ye)設(she)計人員(yuan)，設(she)計原(yuan)理和內(nei)容是(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)同(tong)的，壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)設(she)計人員(yuan)掌握了(le)管(guan)(guan)廊、塔、容器、反應器、換(huan)熱設(she)備、加熱爐、泵、壓(ya)縮機、罐等設(she)備、設(she)施及其有關管(guan)(guan)道(dao)的配(pei)管(guan)(guan)設(she)計原(yuan)理和好的設(she)計做法，就可以較好地完成這些不同(tong)類型裝(zhuang)置的設(she)備設(she)施的壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)設(she)計。本章節(jie)簡(jian)要講述一些裝(zhuang)置的工藝(yi)及布(bu)置。