不銹鋼管件(pipe fitting)在管系中起著改變走向、改變標高或改變直徑、封閉管端以及由主管上引出支管的作用。在石油化工裝置中管道品種多,管系復雜,形狀各異,簡繁不等,所用的不銹(xiu)鋼管件品種、材質、數量也就很多,選用時需要考慮的因素也復雜。管件的基本概念如圖4.6.1所示。不銹鋼管件的種類很多,這里根據用途、連接、材料、加工方式分類。
①. 按用途分類,見表4.6.1。
②. 按連接形式(shi)分類:
根(gen)(gen)據不銹鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)端(duan)部(bu)連接(jie)(jie)形式(shi)可(ke)將管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)分(fen)為對焊(han)連接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(簡稱對焊(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian))、承插(cha)焊(han)連接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(簡稱承插(cha)焊(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian))、螺(luo)紋(wen)連接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(簡稱螺(luo)紋(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian))、法蘭(lan)連接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、卡套連接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、卡箍連接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、粘接(jie)(jie)連接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、熱熔連接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)以及其他管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)。在石(shi)油化工裝置的配(pei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)設計中,常用對焊(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺、承插(cha)焊(han)及螺(luo)紋(wen)連接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的形式(shi)。法蘭(lan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)多用于特殊配(pei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)場合,使用范(fan)圍及數量(liang)相對比(bi)較少。可(ke)根(gen)(gen)據GB/T 17185《鋼(gang)(gang)制(zhi)法蘭(lan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)》的規(gui)定選用。
③. 按材料分(fen)類:
a. 碳(tan)素(su)鋼管(guan)件(jian);b. 合金鋼管(guan)件(jian);c. 不銹鋼管(guan)件(jian);d. 塑(su)料管(guan)件(jian);e. 橡膠管(guan)件(jian);f. 鑄(zhu)鐵管(guan)件(jian);g. 鍛(duan)鋼管(guan)件(jian)等。
④. 按加工方式分:
無縫、焊接、鍛(duan)制、鑄造。
不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管件的生產工藝
管(guan)件(jian)的(de)分類和規格(ge)非常(chang)多,生(sheng)產工藝可能不(bu)同,了解管(guan)件(jian)的(de)基本生(sheng)產工藝,對(dui)管(guan)件(jian)選用(yong)和配(pei)管(guan)設計(ji)有一(yi)定的(de)用(yong)處(chu)。典型金(jin)屬管(guan)件(jian)的(de)生(sheng)產工藝見圖4.6.2。