1. 環氧樹(shu)脂防腐(fu)漆

  環(huan)(huan)氧樹脂(zhi)(zhi)防腐(fu)漆是(shi)防腐(fu)漆中應(ying)用(yong)最廣泛的品種(zhong)。適用(yong)的環(huan)(huan)氧樹脂(zhi)(zhi)有(you)兩類：①. 有(you)雙酚(fen)A和環(huan)(huan)氧氯丙(bing)烷縮聚(ju)而(er)成雙酚(fen)A環(huan)(huan)氧樹脂(zhi)(zhi)。②. 以苯酚(fen)-甲醛縮聚(ju)而(er)得的低分子量酚(fen)醛再與環(huan)(huan)氧氯丙(bing)烷縮聚(ju)而(er)成得酚(fen)醛環(huan)(huan)氧樹脂(zhi)(zhi)。

  例如，聚酰胺(an)固化(hua)環氧樹脂防腐油漆。聚酰胺(an)比低分(fen)子胺(an)反應(ying)活性(xing)低，故雖也(ye)要分(fen)罐(guan)包裝但是(shi)用(yong)期長，施工時刺激(ji)性(xing)也(ye)較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，其涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層流平好，耐(nai)(nai)酸堿，但耐(nai)(nai)堿較(jiao)(jiao)胺(an)固化(hua)的(de)差，耐(nai)(nai)水耐(nai)(nai)潮濕更(geng)好，涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層柔韌抗沖擊，對金屬表面(mian)濕潤性(xing)好，可適合潮濕或帶銹的(de)鋼鐵表面(mian)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)裝。

2. 環氧樹脂瀝青防(fang)腐油漆

  這類漆(qi)類綜合(he)了煤焦瀝(li)青(qing)耐酸、堿性(xing)(xing)，耐水(shui)性(xing)(xing)，環(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的附著力，機(ji)械強(qiang)度和(he)耐溶劑(ji)性(xing)(xing)等特點(dian)(dian)，為良好的防腐(fu)蝕油漆(qi)品種(zhong)。廣泛(fan)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)水(shui)利工(gong)程設(she)施、地下管線外(wai)壁以及化(hua)工(gong)設(she)備(bei)和(he)管道內壁。缺點(dian)(dian)是色暗，且瀝(li)青(qing)易滲色，用(yong)(yong)磁漆(qi)罩色效果不好，不耐芳烴(jing)溶劑(ji)，也不耐暴曬。漆(qi)的性(xing)(xing)能和(he)價格(ge)與瀝(li)青(qing)和(he)環(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的配合(he)比有關。已經(jing)從實驗和(he)應用(yong)(yong)證明，按重量比1：1配合(he)最合(he)理。環(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)瀝(li)青(qing)防腐(fu)油漆(qi)可分為：胺(an)固(gu)化(hua)環(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)瀝(li)青(qing)防腐(fu)油漆(qi)和(he)聚酰(xian)胺(an)固(gu)化(hua)環(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)瀝(li)青(qing)防腐(fu)油漆(qi)。

3. 聚(ju)氨酯防腐油漆

  聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)(an)(an)酯是指分(fen)子結構中含有(you)(you)氨(an)(an)(an)基甲(jia)酸(suan)鍵(jian)(jian)的(de)高聚(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)。氨(an)(an)(an)基甲(jia)酸(suan)酯鍵(jian)(jian)由(you)異(yi)氰酸(suan)基和羥基反應(ying)(ying)(ying)形成：-NCO＋-OH→-NHCOO一(yi)，故(gu)(gu)聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)(an)(an)酯樹(shu)(shu)脂的(de)單體是多(duo)異(yi)氰酸(suan)酯和多(duo)羥基化(hua)(hua)合物(wu)(wu)。多(duo)氰酸(suan)酯有(you)(you)芳香族和脂肪(fang)族兩類(lei)。由(you)于(yu)前者較(jiao)廉價(jia)，常(chang)溫下反應(ying)(ying)(ying)活性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)大，故(gu)(gu)在防腐(fu)油漆(qi)中較(jiao)多(duo)采用，而后者僅在有(you)(you)裝飾性(xing)(xing)要求的(de)戶(hu)外涂裝的(de)面漆(qi)中采用。為了(le)改善(shan)儲存(cun)、施工和漆(qi)膜性(xing)(xing)能，常(chang)將多(duo)異(yi)氰酸(suan)酯單體制成含游離異(yi)氰酸(suan)基的(de)聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)(an)(an)酯預聚(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)或加(jia)成物(wu)(wu)。聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)(an)(an)酯防腐(fu)漆(qi)的(de)優(you)點是適應(ying)(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)和綜合性(xing)(xing)能好(hao)，因較(jiao)其(qi)他樹(shu)(shu)脂更(geng)易通(tong)過分(fen)子結構設計獲得(de)(de)廣泛的(de)物(wu)(wu)理機械性(xing)(xing)能，耐化(hua)(hua)學品與附(fu)著力、耐磨(mo)損與抗滲透、硬度(du)與彈性(xing)(xing)等相互存(cun)在一(yi)定的(de)平衡，從而能適應(ying)(ying)(ying)復雜多(duo)變(bian)的(de)工作條件。這是由(you)于(yu)氨(an)(an)(an)基甲(jia)酸(suan)鍵(jian)(jian)既具有(you)(you)高度(du)極性(xing)(xing)又有(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)學惰性(xing)(xing)，以(yi)及異(yi)氰酸(suan)酯基的(de)高度(du)活性(xing)(xing)，使有(you)(you)充分(fen)手段(duan)可(ke)按(an)需進(jin)行(xing)調節(jie)的(de)緣故(gu)(gu)。聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)(an)(an)酯防腐(fu)油漆(qi)因在多(duo)方面取得(de)(de)長期效果而受到重(zhong)視，已與環氧樹(shu)(shu)脂和氯化(hua)(hua)橡(xiang)膠一(yi)起成為重(zhong)要的(de)高效防腐(fu)油漆(qi)漆(qi)種。

  聚(ju)(ju)氨酯(zhi)防腐漆一般(ban)按固化(hua)(hua)(hua)機理分為五類：①. 氧固化(hua)(hua)(hua)聚(ju)(ju)氨酯(zhi)改(gai)性油（單(dan)組分）。②多(duo)羥基化(hua)(hua)(hua)合物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)固化(hua)(hua)(hua)多(duo)異(yi)(yi)氰(qing)酸(suan)酯(zhi)的(de)加(jia)成(cheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)或預(yu)(yu)聚(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)（雙(shuang)(shuang)組分）。③. 多(duo)羥基化(hua)(hua)(hua)合物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)固化(hua)(hua)(hua)封閉型多(duo)異(yi)(yi)氰(qing)酸(suan)酯(zhi)的(de)加(jia)成(cheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)或預(yu)(yu)聚(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)（單(dan)組分）。④. 濕(shi)(shi)固化(hua)(hua)(hua)多(duo)異(yi)(yi)氰(qing)酸(suan)酯(zhi)預(yu)(yu)聚(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)（單(dan)組分）。⑤. 催化(hua)(hua)(hua)濕(shi)(shi)固化(hua)(hua)(hua)多(duo)異(yi)(yi)氰(qing)酸(suan)酯(zhi)預(yu)(yu)聚(ju)(ju)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)（雙(shuang)(shuang)組分）。

4. 橡(xiang)膠樹脂(zhi)防(fang)腐油漆

  漆(qi)(qi)(qi)用橡(xiang)(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)樹脂(zhi)是(shi)以(yi)天然或(huo)合成橡(xiang)(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)原料(liao)，經過化(hua)學處(chu)理或(huo)物理處(chu)理制成。處(chu)理的目的為(wei)提高(gao)溶解性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、可塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、反應性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和化(hua)學穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。橡(xiang)(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)樹脂(zhi)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)油漆(qi)(qi)(qi)的分類：氯(lv)化(hua)橡(xiang)(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)油漆(qi)(qi)(qi)、氯(lv)磺化(hua)聚乙烯防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)油漆(qi)(qi)(qi)、氯(lv)丁(ding)橡(xiang)(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)油漆(qi)(qi)(qi)、丁(ding)基橡(xiang)(xiang)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)油漆(qi)(qi)(qi)。

5. 常(chang)用(yong)防(fang)腐結構的優缺(que)點與工程應(ying)用(yong)

  常用(yong)防腐結構的優缺(que)點(dian)與工程(cheng)應用(yong)，見表(biao)8.3.2。

6. 管道常用(yong)防(fang)腐蝕涂料的(de)性(xing)能與(yu)用(yong)途

  管(guan)道常(chang)用(yong)防腐(fu)蝕涂(tu)料的性能與用(yong)途，見(jian)表8.3.3。