我國含氮鋼的研究開始于20世紀50年代，北京科技大學（原北京鋼鐵學院）的肖紀美教授就開始研究鋼中氮對組織和性能的影響，發現錳、氮能部分或全部代替奧氏體不銹鋼中的鎳，首次提出了節鎳奧氏體不銹鋼基本成分設計和力學性能計算的方法及計算圖，成功研發了Cr-Mn-C-N節鎳奧氏體不銹鋼。70年代，中國科學院金屬研究所成功地開發出含氮無鎳雙相不銹鋼(gang)（0Cr17Mn14Mo2N),并獲得了一應用。21 世紀初，中國科學院金屬研究所在國家計劃（“863計劃”）項目的支持下，研究開發出含氮醫用無鎳奧氏體不銹(xiu)鋼（17Cr-14Mn-2Mo-0.46N),較全面地研究了材料的力學性能、耐腐蝕性能、腐蝕疲勞性能、磨蝕性能和生物相容性。結果證明，新鋼種較傳統醫用 316L不銹鋼(gang)具有更為優良的綜合力學性能、耐體液腐蝕能力和生物學相容性。此外，中國科學院金屬研究所以中氮含量的22Cr-13Ni-5Mn為基礎研制成功的高強度抗氫鋼（HR-3)在核技術領域獲得了應用。東北大學自20世紀90年代以來也開展了氮合金化的實驗室研究工作，并在10t電弧爐和30tAOD爐上應用。隨著我國大型AOD精煉裝備的普及和精煉技術的進步，特別是以氮代氬吹煉工藝的日趨成熟，以山西太鋼不銹鋼股份有限公司（簡稱太鋼）為代表的不銹鋼企業發展了系列含氮、中氮和高(gao)氮不銹鋼，豐富了氮合金化不銹鋼品種并拓展了其應用領域，促進了我國氮合金化不銹鋼的繁榮和發展。

  20世紀80年(nian)代末(mo)我國開始(shi)了(le)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的初(chu)步研(yan)究，如(ru)原上海(hai)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鐵研(yan)究所曾利用(yong)保加利亞的反壓(ya)鑄造技術試制了(le)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)。20世紀90年(nian)代以來，基于我國大容量(liang)發電(dian)機(ji)組對高(gao)(gao)性能護環(huan)的迫切需求，中國第一重(zhong)(zhong)型機(ji)械(xie)集(ji)團(tuan)公司(si)（一重(zhong)(zhong)）、第二重(zhong)(zhong)型機(ji)械(xie)集(ji)團(tuan)公司(si)（二重(zhong)(zhong)）、德陽萬鑫電(dian)站產(chan)品開發有限公司(si)、東北大學、太原科(ke)(ke)技大學（原太原重(zhong)(zhong)型機(ji)械(xie)學院）等企業和(he)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)院校(xiao)陸續(xu)開展了(le)Mn18Cr18N護環(huan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)常壓(ya)冶(ye)煉、熱(re)(re)加工、熱(re)(re)處理、冷變形等工藝研(yan)究，目(mu)前(qian)已突破600MW以上大容量(liang)發電(dian)機(ji)組用(yong)Mn18Cr18N護環(huan)成套制備技術，并成功實現國產(chan)化，為我國高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)新品種研(yan)發和(he)生(sheng)積累了(le)豐富(fu)經驗，促進了(le)含氮(dan)(dan)(dan)熱(re)(re)作模(mo)具鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、耐蝕(shi)塑料(liao)模(mo)具鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)和(he)軸承鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)，以及Cr-Mn系(xi)無(wu)磁(ci)鉆鋌、坦(tan)克裝甲等高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的生(sheng)產(chan)和(he)應(ying)用(yong)。

  加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)是(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)氮(dan)(dan)含量(liang)超過常(chang)(chang)(chang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)溶(rong)解度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)性能(neng)(neng)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有效(xiao)途(tu)徑(jing)，而加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)關鍵裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)及(ji)相關制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)期缺失嚴重(zhong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)了(le)(le)我(wo)國(guo)高(gao)(gao)性能(neng)(neng)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)、生產和(he)(he)(he)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。2005年(nian)以(yi)來，東北(bei)大(da)(da)學特殊鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)研(yan)究所在(zai)國(guo)家自(zi)(zi)然科學基(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)鐵聯合(he)重(zhong)點、科技(ji)(ji)部(bu)“863計劃(hua)”等(deng)項目(mu)經費的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持續支持下，系(xi)統(tong)開展了(le)(le)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)學基(ji)(ji)礎、加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)、常(chang)(chang)(chang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)(he)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、氮(dan)(dan)在(zai)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)及(ji)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)新(xin)品(pin)種等(deng)方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究和(he)(he)(he)開發(fa)(fa)工(gong)作。2007年(nian)東北(bei)大(da)(da)學自(zi)(zi)主研(yan)發(fa)(fa)出最大(da)(da)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)為4MPa的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)25kg 加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)感(gan)應(ying)爐(lu)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)內首臺最大(da)(da)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)為7MPa的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)50kg加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)渣(zha)爐(lu)，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)2018年(nian)又建(jian)(jian)立了(le)(le)2kg多(duo)功能(neng)(neng)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)試(shi)驗平臺和(he)(he)(he)500kg半工(gong)業化(hua)(hua)規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)渣(zha)爐(lu)，以(yi)及(ji)即將投入(ru)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)500kg加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)感(gan)應(ying)爐(lu)，大(da)(da)大(da)(da)加(jia)快了(le)(le)我(wo)國(guo)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)進程。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)上述加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)關鍵裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)，系(xi)統(tong)研(yan)究了(le)(le)氮(dan)(dan)在(zai)常(chang)(chang)(chang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)(he)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)熔體(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)解行為，引入(ru)氮(dan)(dan)分(fen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)對氮(dan)(dan)活度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修正系(xi)數，建(jian)(jian)立了(le)(le)全(quan)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)熔體(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)氮(dan)(dan)溶(rong)解度(du)模型，廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于常(chang)(chang)(chang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)(he)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冶(ye)煉(lian)過程中(zhong)(zhong)氮(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精確控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，得到國(guo)內外(wai)同行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)分(fen)認可。構建(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)凝(ning)固(gu)過程鑄(zhu)(zhu)錠和(he)(he)(he)鑄(zhu)(zhu)型溫度(du)變化(hua)(hua)及(ji)界面氣(qi)隙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測量(liang)裝(zhuang)置和(he)(he)(he)方(fang)法，量(liang)化(hua)(hua)了(le)(le)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)強化(hua)(hua)冷(leng)卻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果，闡明(ming)(ming)了(le)(le)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強化(hua)(hua)冷(leng)卻機(ji)理(li)(li)，明(ming)(ming)確了(le)(le)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)對凝(ning)固(gu)相變、凝(ning)固(gu)熱(re)力(li)學和(he)(he)(he)動(dong)力(li)學參數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)規律，揭示(shi)了(le)(le)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)細化(hua)(hua)枝(zhi)晶組織，抑制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疏松縮孔，改善(shan)偏析、夾雜(za)物(wu)和(he)(he)(he)析出相分(fen)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)理(li)(li)。上述冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)學基(ji)(ji)礎研(yan)究，豐富和(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展了(le)(le)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)理(li)(li)論，為高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)提(ti)供了(le)(le)理(li)(li)論支撐。同時，開發(fa)(fa)出加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)感(gan)應(ying)爐(lu)分(fen)階段控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)相氮(dan)(dan)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)化(hua)(hua)、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)復合(he)電(dian)(dian)極加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)渣(zha)重(zhong)熔、加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)感(gan)應(ying)和(he)(he)(he)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)渣(zha)雙聯等(deng)系(xi)列高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冶(ye)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)備(bei)(bei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)。闡明(ming)(ming)氮(dan)(dan)在(zai)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，建(jian)(jian)立以(yi)“碳氮(dan)(dan)調控(kong)(kong)”為核心(xin)及(ji)多(duo)元(yuan)素協(xie)同作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)設(she)計方(fang)法。開發(fa)(fa)出高(gao)(gao)級別(bie)護環鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)P900N、P900NMo和(he)(he)(he)P2000,耐蝕塑料模具鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)4Cr13MoN,航空高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)不銹(xiu)(xiu)軸承30Cr15Mo1N等(deng)新(xin)產品(pin)。

  此外，武漢科(ke)技大(da)學、華北(bei)理工(gong)大(da)學、鋼(gang)(gang)鐵研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)總院等科(ke)研(yan)院校也開展了(le)(le)(le)加(jia)(jia)(jia)壓(ya)下氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)溶(rong)解行(xing)為、凝(ning)固(gu)偏析、制(zhi)備(bei)(bei)技術以及(ji)品(pin)種開發等研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)工(gong)作。武漢科(ke)技大(da)學李光強教(jiao)授建立了(le)(le)(le)0.2kg 的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)壓(ya)感應(ying)爐（最(zui)大(da)壓(ya)力1MPa),研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)了(le)(le)(le)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)在Fe-Cr-Mn-Ni、Fe-Cr-V、316L合金(jin)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)的(de)(de)溶(rong)解行(xing)為，發現加(jia)(jia)(jia)壓(ya)能(neng)顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)提高(gao)(gao)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)溶(rong)解度(du)(du)(du)；隨(sui)(sui)(sui)著(zhu)合金(jin)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)溫度(du)(du)(du)降低(di)，其氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)含量提高(gao)(gao)；隨(sui)(sui)(sui)著(zhu)合金(jin)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)氧濃度(du)(du)(du)增加(jia)(jia)(jia)，其吸氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)速(su)(su)率及(ji)平衡氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)含量顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)降低(di)。華北(bei)理工(gong)大(da)學王書桓(huan)教(jiao)授構建了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)臺高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)真(zhen)空復合碳管電(dian)阻爐（最(zui)大(da)壓(ya)力2.5MPa,最(zui)高(gao)(gao)溫度(du)(du)(du)2000℃),利用高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)分(fen)壓(ya)下底吹(chui)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)氣(qi)的(de)(de)方法，研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)了(le)(le)(le)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)在Fe-Cr-Mn系(xi)、Cr12N合金(jin)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)溶(rong)解熱力學和(he)(he)動力學行(xing)為。結果表(biao)明，加(jia)(jia)(jia)壓(ya)能(neng)顯(xian)(xian)著(zhu)增加(jia)(jia)(jia)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)的(de)(de)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)溶(rong)解度(du)(du)(du)；熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)含量隨(sui)(sui)(sui)著(zhu)Cr、Mn 含量的(de)(de)增加(jia)(jia)(jia)而提高(gao)(gao)，隨(sui)(sui)(sui)著(zhu)溫度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)高(gao)(gao)而降低(di)；提高(gao)(gao)合金(jin)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)體(ti)(ti)溫度(du)(du)(du)，其增氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)反應(ying)速(su)(su)率增大(da)；提高(gao)(gao)凝(ning)固(gu)壓(ya)力，鋼(gang)(gang)錠(ding)的(de)(de)致密(mi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)縮(suo)孔現象得到明顯(xian)(xian)改善，并獲得了(le)(le)(le)防(fang)止氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)氣(qi)孔析出的(de)(de)最(zui)小凝(ning)固(gu)壓(ya)力。鋼(gang)(gang)鐵研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)總院利用加(jia)(jia)(jia)壓(ya)感應(ying)爐進(jin)行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)不銹軸承鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)研(yan)發，并對該類材料的(de)(de)組(zu)織和(he)(he)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)、熱加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)和(he)(he)熱處理工(gong)藝等進(jin)行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)較為深入的(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，其硬度(du)(du)(du)、強度(du)(du)(du)和(he)(he)耐蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)與國外產(chan)品(pin)相當(dang)，但沖擊韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)有待進(jin)一(yi)步提升(sheng)(sheng)。由(you)于加(jia)(jia)(jia)壓(ya)電(dian)渣關鍵裝備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)缺失，采用非(fei)真(zhen)空感應(ying)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)煉＋電(dian)渣重熔(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)雙聯工(gong)藝發展了(le)(le)(le)低(di)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)含量的(de)(de) 40Cr15Mo2VN(0.15~0.2%N)，強度(du)(du)(du)和(he)(he)硬度(du)(du)(du)較高(gao)(gao)，但耐蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)與Cronidur 30仍(reng)存在較大(da)差距。近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)，浙(zhe)江天馬軸承集團有限(xian)公(gong)司從(cong)德國ALD公(gong)司引(yin)進(jin)一(yi)臺5t加(jia)(jia)(jia)壓(ya)電(dian)渣爐，撫(fu)順特殊鋼(gang)(gang)股份(fen)有限(xian)公(gong)司從(cong)奧地利INTECO公(gong)司引(yin)進(jin)一(yi)臺15t加(jia)(jia)(jia)壓(ya)電(dian)渣爐，進(jin)一(yi)步加(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)了(le)(le)(le)我國高(gao)(gao)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)研(yan)發和(he)(he)生產(chan)的(de)(de)進(jin)程。

  高(gao)氮(dan)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)能否在工(gong)程領域獲得(de)廣泛應用(yong)在很大(da)(da)程度上取(qu)決于(yu)其焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)性(xing)能，近年來，南京理工(gong)大(da)(da)學、長春理工(gong)大(da)(da)學、鋼(gang)(gang)鐵研(yan)究總院(yuan)、哈爾(er)濱工(gong)業大(da)(da)學等(deng)。科研(yan)院(yuan)校(xiao)采(cai)用(yong)傳統熔焊(han)(han)(han)工(gong)藝（熔化極氣體保(bao)護(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)、鎢極氣體保(bao)護(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)、激光(guang)－電弧復合焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)等(deng)）進(jin)(jin)行了(le)高(gao)氮(dan)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)，并對焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭中(zhong)(zhong)氮(dan)的行為(wei)、組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和力(li)學性(xing)能進(jin)(jin)行了(le)深(shen)入的研(yan)究。研(yan)究表明(ming)，采(cai)用(yong)傳統熔焊(han)(han)(han)工(gong)藝焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)高(gao)氮(dan)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)易造成焊(han)(han)(han)縫中(zhong)(zhong)氮(dan)的損失和氮(dan)氣孔(kong)的形成，且焊(han)(han)(han)縫組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)形成“骨骼狀”δ-Fe,進(jin)(jin)而降低(di)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭性(xing)能。中(zhong)(zhong)國科學院(yuan)金屬研(yan)究所和東北大(da)(da)學特殊鋼(gang)(gang)冶金研(yan)究所則(ze)采(cai)用(yong)攪拌(ban)摩(mo)擦焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)工(gong)藝進(jin)(jin)行了(le)高(gao)氮(dan)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)，深(shen)入研(yan)究了(le)不(bu)同焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)參數（焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)速(su)度、攪拌(ban)頭轉(zhuan)速(su)、冷卻速(su)率(lv)等(deng)）下焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭的氮(dan)含量、組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和性(xing)能，并成功制備(bei)出無氮(dan)損失和氮(dan)氣孔(kong)、組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)細小、性(xing)能優(you)異的高(gao)氮(dan)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭。