某管(guan)(guan)(guan)廊頂(ding)部(bu)(bu)大口徑管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)呈現(xian)拱(gong)形狀,分析原(yuan)因,是管(guan)(guan)(guan)廊頂(ding)部(bu)(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)暴露在(zai)陽光下,管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)上(shang)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度和下部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度會不同(tong),管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)出現(xian)熱拱(gong)現(xian)象。熱拱(gong)現(xian)象影(ying)響了管(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)的(de)(de)安(an)全狀態,需要配管(guan)(guan)(guan)設計時進(jin)行(xing)設計處理。
對于(yu)管道環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)溫度,有(you)一(yi)些參(can)考(kao)資料或(huo)規范上寫著(zhu)20℃。有(you)的(de)(de)工(gong)程項目按20℃環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)溫度評定(ding)(ding)管道柔(rou)性造成設(she)計事故(gu)發生。環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)溫度在管道應(ying)力分(fen)析中是(shi)(shi)個很重要的(de)(de)設(she)計條件(jian),需要根據(ju)工(gong)程實際情況來確定(ding)(ding),一(yi)般會(hui)用(yong)年(nian)平均溫度來進行考(kao)慮,但是(shi)(shi),真正的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)溫度是(shi)(shi)指工(gong)程所在地管道安裝最后焊縫施工(gong)時的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)溫度,這樣(yang)就(jiu)可(ke)以決定(ding)(ding)安裝的(de)(de)初(chu)態(tai)。
某管(guan)廊(lang)框架結(jie)(jie)構(gou)的(de)荷載條件(jian)設計時,該(gai)設計單位管(guan)道專業給結(jie)(jie)構(gou)專業的(de)垂直荷載數據普遍偏大(da)了(le)至少5倍,造成結(jie)(jie)構(gou)梁柱比正常粗大(da)了(le)很多,結(jie)(jie)構(gou)立面水平斜撐(cheng)比正常多了(le)不(bu)少。
某現場管(guan)(guan)線剛投入試運行幾天,就發現管(guan)(guan)廊上某工藝毒性管(guan)(guan)線泄漏(lou),幸虧(kui)巡檢人員及時發現,未造成嚴重后果。經查發現是(shi)因(yin)為壓力(li)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)設(she)(she)計人員遺漏(lou)了自然補償彎設(she)(she)計,運行后引起管(guan)(guan)線彎頭應(ying)力(li)超(chao)標而裂縫泄漏(lou)。
GB 50316《工業金屬(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)規(gui)范》、SH 3059《石油化工管(guan)(guan)(guan)道設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)材(cai)選(xuan)用(yong)通則》HG/T 20645《化工裝置管(guan)(guan)(guan)道機械設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)規(gui)定》、ASME B31.3《工藝(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道》等(deng)常用(yong)的標(biao)準規(gui)范詳細介紹了壓力管(guan)(guan)(guan)道元件的強度計(ji)(ji)(ji)算,包(bao)括下列金屬(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道組成(cheng)件:金屬(shu)直管(guan)(guan)(guan);彎(wan)(wan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)/彎(wan)(wan)頭(tou)及斜接彎(wan)(wan)頭(tou);三通;盲板(ban)與平(ping)板(ban)封頭(tou);開孔(支管(guan)(guan)(guan))補強;蒸汽夾套(tao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)端板(ban)等(deng)。

