懸臂(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架常用于管道的(de)(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)或導向。此(ci)類(lei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架是應(ying)用比較多的(de)(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架形式(shi)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)也(ye)比較多。按生(sheng)根條件(jian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為生(sheng)根在鋼結構梁(liang)柱上(shang)的(de)(de)懸臂(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架和生(sheng)根在設(she)備(bei)上(shang)的(de)(de)懸臂(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)；按有無斜撐來(lai)(lai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)則(ze)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為懸臂(bei)式(shi)和三(san)角式(shi)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)；按支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)的(de)(de)作用來(lai)(lai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)則(ze)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)和導向型(xing)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)；按懸臂(bei)的(de)(de)數量來(lai)(lai)分(fen)(fen)(fen)則(ze)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為單肢(zhi)型(xing)和雙肢(zhi)型(xing)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)。
1. 在鋼結構梁柱上生(sheng)根的懸臂支(zhi)架 此類支(zhi)架常見類型如圖9-33所示。
圖9-33中共給出了A、B、C三種形式。A型常用(yong)于(yu)支(zhi)承荷載(zai)(zai)較小的情況，其長(chang)度(du)L最(zui)(zui)大(da)一(yi)般(ban)不(bu)宜(yi)超(chao)過600mm。B型、C型常用(yong)于(yu)支(zhi)承荷載(zai)(zai)較大(da)的情況，其長(chang)度(du)L最(zui)(zui)大(da)一(yi)般(ban)不(bu)宜(yi)超(chao)過1200mm。支(zhi)架承受的荷載(zai)(zai)大(da)小視(shi)所選用(yong)型鋼(gang)的規格和荷載(zai)(zai)作用(yong)點(dian)到梁柱的距離而定。
這類支架一般(ban)均用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)角(jiao)鋼、槽鋼等(deng)做(zuo)受力部件。它可與滑動管(guan)托(tuo)、導向(xiang)管(guan)托(tuo)等(deng)配(pei)合使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，分別用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于水平(ping)保溫(wen)管(guan)道的(de)承重(zhong)和(he)導向(xiang)，也可與固定管(guan)托(tuo)、導向(xiang)管(guan)托(tuo)、管(guan)卡等(deng)配(pei)合使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，分別用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于垂直保溫(wen)管(guan)道的(de)承重(zhong)和(he)導向(xiang)及光管(guan)的(de)承重(zhong)（僅限于DN≤40mm的(de)情況）和(he)導向(xiang)。
2. 在設備上(shang)生根的(de)懸臂支架(jia) 此類支架(jia)常(chang)用于沿(yan)立式設備（如塔、罐等）上(shang)敷設的(de)豎直管道的(de)承(cheng)重和導向。常(chang)見的(de)形式如圖(tu)9-34所(suo)示(shi)。
圖9-34中共(gong)給(gei)出(chu)了A、B、C、D四(si)種(zhong)形(xing)式，它們的適用場合分述如下。
A型(xing)一般用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)DN≤150mm的情(qing)況下。它通過(guo)與管(guan)(guan)(guan)卡(ka)、固定管(guan)(guan)(guan)托、滑動(dong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)托配合，分別用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)光管(guan)(guan)(guan)承重(zhong)（帶支耳時(shi)(shi)(shi)）、光管(guan)(guan)(guan)的導向(xiang)(xiang)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫管(guan)(guan)(guan)道的承重(zhong)和導向(xiang)(xiang)。當(dang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)承重(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)卡(ka)或(huo)(huo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)托配合的螺栓孔應(ying)(ying)為橫向(xiang)(xiang)橢圓形，以適(shi)應(ying)(ying)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道有(you)少(shao)量的橫向(xiang)(xiang)位移(yi)。B型(xing)一般適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)子DN200mm～350mm的情(qing)況下，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方法同A型(xing)。C型(xing)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)DN=400~600mm的管(guan)(guan)(guan)子承重(zhong)。當(dang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫管(guan)(guan)(guan)子時(shi)(shi)(shi)，雙(shuang)肢(zhi)間(jian)的距離應(ying)(ying)加大一些，以適(shi)應(ying)(ying)隔熱厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)的要(yao)求。管(guan)(guan)(guan)子不(bu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫時(shi)(shi)(shi)，雙(shuang)肢(zhi)間(jian)的距離應(ying)(ying)盡可能小。D型(xing)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)DN＝400mm~600mm 的管(guan)(guan)(guan)子導向(xiang)(xiang)。 當(dang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)子有(you)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫時(shi)(shi)(shi)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)子四周應(ying)(ying)有(you)滑動(dong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)托，且管(guan)(guan)(guan)托高(gao)度(du)(du)應(ying)(ying)大于(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)。當(dang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)子不(bu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)將管(guan)(guan)(guan)托去掉(diao)并(bing)代之以厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)為4mm的鋼板，以防止(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)子發生位移(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，支架(jia)劃傷管(guan)(guan)(guan)子。無(wu)論保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫與否，都應(ying)(ying)控(kong)制支架(jia)內壁與管(guan)(guan)(guan)托或(huo)(huo)鋼板之間(jian)有(you)不(bu)大于(yu)3mm的間(jian)隙。
上述形式均適用(yong)于設備(bei)不允(yun)許(xu)現(xian)場焊接(jie)(jie)的情況。當設備(bei)允(yun)許(xu)現(xian)場焊接(jie)(jie)時(shi)，可(ke)將生根部(bu)件換成貼(tie)(tie)合鋼墊板(ban)，而(er)中間支承(cheng)件直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)焊在貼(tie)(tie)合鋼墊板(ban)上即(ji)可(ke)，這樣處理(li)的結果可(ke)以簡化支架形式，也便于減少支承(cheng)誤(wu)差，同時(shi)增加了支架的可(ke)靠性(xing)。
