懸(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)支(zhi)架常(chang)用于管(guan)道的承(cheng)重(zhong)或導向。此類(lei)(lei)支(zhi)架是(shi)應用比較多的一種(zhong)支(zhi)架形式，支(zhi)架的種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)也比較多。按生(sheng)根條件分，可(ke)分為(wei)生(sheng)根在鋼結(jie)構梁(liang)柱(zhu)上的懸(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)支(zhi)架和(he)生(sheng)根在設備上的懸(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)支(zhi)架兩(liang)種(zhong)；按有(you)無斜撐來分則(ze)(ze)分為(wei)懸(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)式和(he)三角式兩(liang)種(zhong)；按支(zhi)承(cheng)的作用來分則(ze)(ze)分為(wei)承(cheng)重(zhong)型和(he)導向型兩(liang)種(zhong)；按懸(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)(bei)的數(shu)量(liang)來分則(ze)(ze)分為(wei)單肢(zhi)型和(he)雙(shuang)肢(zhi)型兩(liang)種(zhong)。

1. 在鋼結構梁柱(zhu)上生根的懸臂(bei)支架 此類(lei)(lei)支架常見類(lei)(lei)型如圖9-33所示。

  圖9-33中共給出了(le)A、B、C三種形式。A型(xing)常(chang)用(yong)于(yu)支(zhi)承荷載(zai)較(jiao)小的情況(kuang)，其長度(du)L最大一般不宜(yi)超過600mm。B型(xing)、C型(xing)常(chang)用(yong)于(yu)支(zhi)承荷載(zai)較(jiao)大的情況(kuang)，其長度(du)L最大一般不宜(yi)超過1200mm。支(zhi)架承受的荷載(zai)大小視所選用(yong)型(xing)鋼(gang)的規格(ge)和荷載(zai)作用(yong)點到梁柱的距離(li)而定。

  這類(lei)支(zhi)架一般(ban)均用(yong)(yong)角鋼(gang)、槽鋼(gang)等做受力(li)部件。它可與(yu)滑(hua)動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托、導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托等配(pei)合(he)使用(yong)(yong)，分別(bie)用(yong)(yong)于水平保(bao)溫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道的(de)承(cheng)重和(he)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)，也(ye)可與(yu)固定管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托、導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡等配(pei)合(he)使用(yong)(yong)，分別(bie)用(yong)(yong)于垂直保(bao)溫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道的(de)承(cheng)重和(he)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)及光管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)承(cheng)重（僅(jin)限于DN≤40mm的(de)情(qing)況）和(he)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)。

2. 在設備(bei)上生(sheng)根(gen)的(de)懸(xuan)臂支架(jia) 此類支架(jia)常(chang)用于沿立式設備(bei)（如塔、罐(guan)等(deng)）上敷設的(de)豎直(zhi)管道的(de)承重和導向。常(chang)見的(de)形式如圖9-34所示(shi)。

  圖9-34中共給出了A、B、C、D四種形式(shi)，它們(men)的適用場合分述如(ru)下。

  A型(xing)一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)于DN≤150mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)(kuang)下。它通過(guo)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡(ka)、固定管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托、滑(hua)動(dong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托配合，分別用(yong)(yong)于光管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承(cheng)(cheng)重（帶支(zhi)耳時(shi)(shi)(shi)）、光管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導向(xiang)、保(bao)溫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道的(de)(de)(de)(de)承(cheng)(cheng)重和(he)導向(xiang)。當用(yong)(yong)于承(cheng)(cheng)重時(shi)(shi)(shi)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡(ka)或(huo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托配合的(de)(de)(de)(de)螺栓孔應(ying)(ying)為橫向(xiang)橢圓形，以(yi)(yi)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道有(you)(you)少(shao)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)橫向(xiang)位(wei)移。B型(xing)一(yi)般適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)于管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)DN200mm～350mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)(kuang)下，使用(yong)(yong)方法同A型(xing)。C型(xing)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)于DN=400~600mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)承(cheng)(cheng)重。當用(yong)(yong)于保(bao)溫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，雙(shuang)肢(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)應(ying)(ying)加大一(yi)些(xie)，以(yi)(yi)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)隔熱厚(hou)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)不保(bao)溫時(shi)(shi)(shi)，雙(shuang)肢(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)應(ying)(ying)盡可能小。D型(xing)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)于DN＝400mm~600mm 的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)導向(xiang)。 當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)有(you)(you)保(bao)溫時(shi)(shi)(shi)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)四周(zhou)應(ying)(ying)有(you)(you)滑(hua)動(dong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托，且管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托高度(du)應(ying)(ying)大于保(bao)溫厚(hou)度(du)。當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)不保(bao)溫時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)將管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托去掉并代之以(yi)(yi)厚(hou)度(du)為4mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)板，以(yi)(yi)防(fang)止管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)發生位(wei)移時(shi)(shi)(shi)，支(zhi)架(jia)劃傷管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)。無(wu)論保(bao)溫與(yu)否，都應(ying)(ying)控制支(zhi)架(jia)內(nei)壁與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托或(huo)鋼(gang)板之間有(you)(you)不大于3mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)間隙。

  上述形(xing)式均(jun)適用于設(she)(she)備不允許(xu)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)焊(han)接的(de)(de)情況。當設(she)(she)備允許(xu)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)焊(han)接時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)將生(sheng)根部件(jian)換成貼(tie)合鋼(gang)墊板，而中(zhong)間支承件(jian)直接焊(han)在貼(tie)合鋼(gang)墊板上即(ji)可(ke)(ke)，這樣(yang)處理的(de)(de)結果可(ke)(ke)以(yi)簡化支架形(xing)式，也便(bian)于減少支承誤差，同時(shi)增加了支架的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性。