在一些檢修部門，習慣用手工來研磨香蕉視頻app連接:閥門密封面。手工研磨只使用簡單的研磨工具而不需復雜的研磨設備，但這是一種費力的工作，生產效率很低，研磨質量主要依靠工人的技術水平來保證，因此研磨質量往往不夠穩定。

  手工研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)分為粗(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)、精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)和(he)拋光(guang)(guang)等。粗(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)是(shi)為了消除密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擦傷、壓痕、蝕點(dian)等缺陷(xian)，提高密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)平整(zheng)(zheng)度(du)(du)(du)和(he)降低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)(du)，為密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打下(xia)基礎。精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)是(shi)為了消除密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)紋路，進(jin)一(yi)步提高密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平整(zheng)(zheng)度(du)(du)(du)和(he)降低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)(du)。拋光(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)降低(di)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)(du)，一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)于粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)(du)Ra在0.2μm以下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。手工研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)管(guan)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)還(huan)是(shi)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)，整(zheng)(zheng)個過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)始(shi)終(zhong)貫穿提起、放下(xia)、旋轉、往(wang)復、輕敲、換向等操作相結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。其目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)避免磨(mo)(mo)粒軌跡重(zhong)復，使(shi)(shi)(shi)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)得到(dao)(dao)(dao)均勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)，提高密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平整(zheng)(zheng)度(du)(du)(du)，降低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)(du)。在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)始(shi)終(zhong)貫穿著檢(jian)驗(yan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，其目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)隨時掌握研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)情況，做到(dao)(dao)(dao)心中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)數，使(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)質(zhi)量達到(dao)(dao)(dao)技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)求。在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，清潔工作是(shi)很重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環節，應(ying)(ying)(ying)做到(dao)(dao)(dao)“三不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落地(di)(di)”，即被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)件不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落地(di)(di)、工具不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落地(di)(di)、物料(liao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落地(di)(di)；“三不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)見天(tian)”，即顯示劑用(yong)(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)上(shang)蓋、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑用(yong)(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)上(shang)蓋、稀釋劑（液）用(yong)(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)上(shang)蓋；“三干凈(jing)”，即研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具用(yong)(yong)(yong)前要(yao)(yao)(yao)抹洗(xi)干凈(jing)、密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)清洗(xi)干凈(jing)、更換研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑時研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具和(he)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)抹洗(xi)干凈(jing)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)中(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)注意(yi)檢(jian)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)與密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)外任何疤(ba)點(dian)臺肩相摩擦，使(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具運動(dong)平穩，保證研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)質(zhi)量。經(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)滲氨、滲硼等表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)時要(yao)(yao)(yao)小心謹慎，因為滲透(tou)(tou)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)隨著研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)量增(zeng)大而明顯下(xia)降，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)時磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)量應(ying)(ying)(ying)盡(jin)量小，最好進(jin)行拋光(guang)(guang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，至少(shao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)后(hou)(hou)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，如達不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，就將殘(can)存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲透(tou)(tou)層(ceng)磨(mo)(mo)掉，重(zhong)新滲透(tou)(tou)處(chu)理(li)，恢(hui)復原有(you)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于深冷(leng)(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閥門密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)經(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)深冷(leng)(leng)定(ding)型(xing)處(chu)理(li)后(hou)(hou)再研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)，否則，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)經(jing)(jing)深冷(leng)(leng)就會變形。深冷(leng)(leng)處(chu)理(li)可在液氨中(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)行。刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)般寬度(du)(du)(du)為0.5~0.8mm,接近線密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)后(hou)(hou)，密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)會變寬，應(ying)(ying)(ying)注意(yi)恢(hui)復刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)車削(xue)或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)兩(liang)斜(xie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法恢(hui)復寬度(du)(du)(du)尺寸。

  研(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)使用(yong)后(hou)應進行(xing)一次檢查，對(dui)平整度不高的平面要(yao)修理(li)好，并應清(qing)洗干(gan)凈，保持完整。要(yao)分門(men)別(bie)類地把研(yan)(yan)磨工(gong)具(ju)(ju)擺放(fang)在工(gong)具(ju)(ju)箱內，以(yi)便(bian)以(yi)后(hou)使用(yong)。

  研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)分平面(mian)(mian)密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)、錐(zhui)形(xing)密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)、圓弧密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)、圓柱體密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)等幾種。

①. 閥體平面密封(feng)面的(de)研磨 

  閥(fa)體密(mi)封平(ping)面位(wei)于閥(fa)體內腔，研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)比較(jiao)困難。通常使(shi)用帶方孔的圓盤(pan)狀研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工(gong)(gong)具，放在內腔的密(mi)封面上，再用帶方頭的長(chang)柄手把來帶動(dong)研(yan)(yan)盤(pan)運(yun)動(dong)。研(yan)(yan)盤(pan)上有圓柱(zhu)凸臺或(huo)引導(dao)墊(dian)片，以防(fang)止在研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)過程中研(yan)(yan)具局(ju)部離開環狀密(mi)封面而造成研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)不勻的現象。圖4-71為閘閥(fa)密(mi)封面的手工(gong)(gong)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。

  研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)前應將研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)工作面用(yong)丙酮或汽油(you)擦凈，并去除閥體密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)飛(fei)邊(bian)、毛刺，再在密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)涂敷一層研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)放(fang)入閥體內(nei)腔時(shi)(shi)，要(yao)仔細地貼合(he)在密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，然后采用(yong)長柄手(shou)把使研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)盤做(zuo)正、反(fan)方向(xiang)的(de)回轉(zhuan)運動。先(xian)順時(shi)(shi)針(zhen)(zhen)回轉(zhuan)180°,再逆時(shi)(shi)針(zhen)(zhen)回轉(zhuan)90°,如此(ci)反(fan)復地進行。一般(ban)回轉(zhuan)10余次后研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑中(zhong)的(de)磨(mo)粒便已磨(mo)鈍，故應該經常抬(tai)起研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)盤來添(tian)新的(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)的(de)壓(ya)力要(yao)均勻(yun)，且不宜過大。粗研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)壓(ya)力可(ke)大些，精研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)應較小。應注(zhu)意不要(yao)因(yin)施加壓(ya)力使研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)局部脫開密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)平(ping)(ping)面。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)一段時(shi)(shi)間后，要(yao)檢查工件的(de)平(ping)(ping)面度。此(ci)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)取(qu)出(chu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)，用(yong)丙酮或汽油(you)將密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面擦凈，再將圓盤形(xing)的(de)檢驗平(ping)(ping)板(ban)輕(qing)輕(qing)放(fang)在密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)并用(yong)手(shou)輕(qing)輕(qing)旋(xuan)動，取(qu)出(chu)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)后就可(ke)觀察到(dao)(dao)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)出(chu)現的(de)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)痕跡。當環狀密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)均勻(yun)地顯示接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)痕跡，而徑向(xiang)最小接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)寬(kuan)度與(yu)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面寬(kuan)度之比（即密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面與(yu)檢驗平(ping)(ping)板(ban)的(de)吻(wen)合(he)度）達(da)到(dao)(dao)工藝上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)規定的(de)數值(zhi)時(shi)(shi)，平(ping)(ping)面度就可(ke)認為(wei)合(he)格。為(wei)了保證檢驗的(de)準確性，檢驗平(ping)(ping)板(ban)應經常檢查、修整。

②. 閘板、閥(fa)瓣平面(mian)密封面(mian)的研磨(mo) 

  閘板(ban)、閥瓣(ban)和(he)閥座的(de)密封平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面可使用(yong)(yong)(yong)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)來手(shou)(shou)工(gong)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面應平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)整。研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)分刻槽(cao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)和(he)光滑平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)兩(liang)種，如圖(tu)4-72所示。研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)工(gong)作前，先(xian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)丙酮或汽油將研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)的(de)表(biao)面擦干(gan)凈，然(ran)后在平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)上(shang)(shang)均勻(yun)、適量地涂一層(ceng)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑(ji)，把需研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)工(gong)件表(biao)面貼合在平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)上(shang)(shang)即開始研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)(shou)一邊(bian)旋轉一邊(bian)做直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)動，或做“8”字形運(yun)動。由于(yu)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)運(yun)動方(fang)向的(de)不(bu)斷(duan)變更，使磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)不(bu)斷(duan)地在新的(de)方(fang)向起(qi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，故(gu)可提(ti)高研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)效(xiao)率。圖(tu)4-73所示為(wei)閥體(ti)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面密封面的(de)手(shou)(shou)工(gong)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。

  為了避免研磨(mo)平板的(de)磨(mo)耗不均，不要總是(shi)在平板的(de)中部研磨(mo)，應沿平板的(de)全(quan)部表面上不斷(duan)變換部位，否則研磨(mo)平板將很快失去平面精度。

  閘(zha)板及有些(xie)閥座呈楔(xie)(xie)狀(zhuang)，密(mi)封平面(mian)圓周上的質量不均，厚薄不一致，容(rong)易產(chan)生(sheng)偏(pian)磨(mo)(mo)現象，厚的一頭(tou)容(rong)易多(duo)磨(mo)(mo)，薄的一頭(tou)會少(shao)磨(mo)(mo)。所以，在研磨(mo)(mo)楔(xie)(xie)式閘(zha)板密(mi)封面(mian)時，應附(fu)加一個平衡力(li)，使楔(xie)(xie)式閘(zha)板密(mi)封面(mian)均勻(yun)磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)。圖4-74所示(shi)為楔(xie)(xie)式閘(zha)板密(mi)封面(mian)的整體研磨(mo)(mo)方(fang)法。