在一些檢修部門，習慣用手工來研磨香蕉視頻app連接:閥門密封面。手工研磨只使用簡單的研磨工具而不需復雜的研磨設備，但這是一種費力的工作，生產效率很低，研磨質量主要依靠工人的技術水平來保證，因此研磨質量往往不夠穩定。

  手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)分為(wei)粗(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和(he)(he)拋光等。粗(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是為(wei)了消(xiao)除密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上的(de)(de)(de)擦傷、壓(ya)痕、蝕點等缺陷(xian)，提高(gao)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)平(ping)整度(du)和(he)(he)降(jiang)低(di)(di)粗(cu)糙(cao)度(du)，為(wei)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打下(xia)基礎。精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是為(wei)了消(xiao)除密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上的(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)紋(wen)路，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)(yi)步提高(gao)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整度(du)和(he)(he)降(jiang)低(di)(di)粗(cu)糙(cao)度(du)。拋光的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)是降(jiang)低(di)(di)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)糙(cao)度(du)，一(yi)(yi)般用(yong)于(yu)粗(cu)糙(cao)度(du)Ra在0.2μm以下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)不(bu)管粗(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)還是精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，整個過程始終(zhong)貫穿提起、放下(xia)、旋轉、往復(fu)、輕敲、換(huan)向等操作(zuo)相結合的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過程。其(qi)目的(de)(de)(de)是避(bi)免磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒軌跡重(zhong)(zhong)復(fu)，使(shi)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)得到均勻的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削，提高(gao)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整度(du)，降(jiang)低(di)(di)粗(cu)糙(cao)度(du)。在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，要(yao)(yao)始終(zhong)貫穿著(zhu)檢(jian)驗過程，其(qi)目的(de)(de)(de)是隨時(shi)掌握研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)情況(kuang)，做到心(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)數，使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質(zhi)量達到技術要(yao)(yao)求。在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，清潔工(gong)作(zuo)是很重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)環節，應做到“三(san)不(bu)落(luo)地”，即(ji)被(bei)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)件不(bu)落(luo)地、工(gong)具不(bu)落(luo)地、物(wu)料不(bu)落(luo)地；“三(san)不(bu)見天”，即(ji)顯(xian)(xian)示劑(ji)(ji)用(yong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)上蓋(gai)、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑(ji)(ji)用(yong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)上蓋(gai)、稀(xi)釋劑(ji)(ji)（液）用(yong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)上蓋(gai)；“三(san)干(gan)凈(jing)”，即(ji)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具用(yong)前要(yao)(yao)抹洗干(gan)凈(jing)、密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)清洗干(gan)凈(jing)、更換(huan)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑(ji)(ji)時(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具和(he)(he)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)抹洗干(gan)凈(jing)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)中(zhong)(zhong)應注(zhu)意檢(jian)查(cha)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具不(bu)與密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)外(wai)任何疤點臺(tai)肩(jian)相摩擦，使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具運動平(ping)穩(wen)，保證研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質(zhi)量。經(jing)過滲氨、滲硼(peng)等表面(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)理的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)小(xiao)心(xin)謹(jin)慎，因為(wei)滲透層的(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)隨著(zhu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)量增大(da)而明顯(xian)(xian)下(xia)降(jiang)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削量應盡量小(xiao)，最(zui)好(hao)進(jin)(jin)行拋光使(shi)用(yong)，至少(shao)要(yao)(yao)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)使(shi)用(yong)，如達不(bu)到要(yao)(yao)求，就將殘存的(de)(de)(de)滲透層磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)掉，重(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)滲透處(chu)理，恢復(fu)原有(you)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)。用(yong)于(yu)深冷(leng)(leng)的(de)(de)(de)閥門密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)經(jing)過深冷(leng)(leng)定型(xing)處(chu)理后(hou)(hou)(hou)再(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，否(fou)則(ze)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)(yi)經(jing)深冷(leng)(leng)就會(hui)變形。深冷(leng)(leng)處(chu)理可在液氨中(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)(jin)行。刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)(yi)般寬度(du)為(wei)0.5~0.8mm,接近線密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)會(hui)變寬，應注(zhu)意恢復(fu)刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)尺寸，可用(yong)車削或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)兩斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法恢復(fu)寬度(du)尺寸。

  研(yan)具(ju)(ju)使(shi)用(yong)后(hou)應進行一次檢查，對(dui)平整度(du)不高的平面要(yao)修(xiu)理好，并應清洗干凈，保持完整。要(yao)分門別類地把研(yan)磨(mo)工具(ju)(ju)擺放在(zai)工具(ju)(ju)箱(xiang)內，以便以后(hou)使(shi)用(yong)。

  研磨(mo)分平(ping)面(mian)密(mi)封面(mian)研磨(mo)、錐(zhui)形密(mi)封面(mian)研磨(mo)、圓(yuan)弧(hu)密(mi)封面(mian)研磨(mo)、圓(yuan)柱體密(mi)封面(mian)研磨(mo)等幾種。

①. 閥體平面密封(feng)面的研磨 

  閥(fa)體密封(feng)平面位于閥(fa)體內腔，研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨比較困(kun)難。通常(chang)使(shi)用帶方孔的(de)圓盤(pan)狀研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨工(gong)具(ju)，放在內腔的(de)密封(feng)面上(shang)，再用帶方頭的(de)長柄手(shou)(shou)把來帶動(dong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)盤(pan)運動(dong)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)盤(pan)上(shang)有圓柱(zhu)凸臺或引導墊片，以防止在研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨過程中研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)局部(bu)離(li)開(kai)環狀密封(feng)面而造成研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨不勻的(de)現象。圖4-71為閘(zha)閥(fa)密封(feng)面的(de)手(shou)(shou)工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨。

  研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)前應將(jiang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)工(gong)作面(mian)用丙酮(tong)或汽(qi)油擦(ca)凈(jing)，并(bing)去除閥(fa)體(ti)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)飛(fei)邊、毛刺，再在(zai)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)涂敷一(yi)層研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)放入閥(fa)體(ti)內腔時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，要(yao)仔細(xi)地(di)(di)貼合在(zai)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)，然后采用長柄手(shou)把使研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)盤做正、反方(fang)向(xiang)的(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)轉(zhuan)運(yun)動。先順時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)針回(hui)(hui)轉(zhuan)180°,再逆時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)針回(hui)(hui)轉(zhuan)90°,如此反復地(di)(di)進行(xing)。一(yi)般回(hui)(hui)轉(zhuan)10余(yu)次后研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑中的(de)(de)磨(mo)粒便已磨(mo)鈍，故應該(gai)經常抬起(qi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)盤來添新的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)的(de)(de)壓力(li)要(yao)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)，且不宜(yi)過大。粗研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壓力(li)可大些(xie)，精研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應較小。應注意不要(yao)因施加壓力(li)使研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)局(ju)部脫開密(mi)(mi)封(feng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)一(yi)段時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間后，要(yao)檢(jian)(jian)查工(gong)件的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)度(du)(du)。此時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可取(qu)出研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)，用丙酮(tong)或汽(qi)油將(jiang)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)擦(ca)凈(jing)，再將(jiang)圓盤形(xing)的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)驗平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)輕(qing)輕(qing)放在(zai)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)并(bing)用手(shou)輕(qing)輕(qing)旋動，取(qu)出平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)后就(jiu)可觀察(cha)到密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)出現的(de)(de)接觸(chu)(chu)痕跡。當環狀密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)地(di)(di)顯示接觸(chu)(chu)痕跡，而徑(jing)向(xiang)最小接觸(chu)(chu)寬度(du)(du)與密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)寬度(du)(du)之比（即密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)與檢(jian)(jian)驗平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)的(de)(de)吻合度(du)(du)）達到工(gong)藝上(shang)(shang)規定的(de)(de)數值時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)度(du)(du)就(jiu)可認(ren)為(wei)合格(ge)。為(wei)了(le)保證檢(jian)(jian)驗的(de)(de)準(zhun)確性，檢(jian)(jian)驗平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)應經常檢(jian)(jian)查、修整。

②. 閘板(ban)、閥瓣平面密(mi)封面的研磨(mo) 

  閘板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、閥(fa)瓣(ban)和閥(fa)座的(de)(de)密(mi)封平(ping)(ping)面可使用(yong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)來手(shou)工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)面應(ying)平(ping)(ping)整。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)用(yong)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)分刻槽平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和光滑平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)兩種，如圖(tu)4-72所示。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)工(gong)作前，先(xian)用(yong)丙酮或汽油將研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)表面擦干(gan)凈(jing)，然后在(zai)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)均勻、適量地涂一層研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑，把需研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)工(gong)件(jian)表面貼合在(zai)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)即開始研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。用(yong)手(shou)一邊旋轉一邊做直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)動，或做“8”字形運(yun)動。由于研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)運(yun)動方(fang)向的(de)(de)不斷變(bian)更，使磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)不斷地在(zai)新的(de)(de)方(fang)向起磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削作用(yong)，故可提高(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)效率。圖(tu)4-73所示為閥(fa)體(ti)平(ping)(ping)面密(mi)封面的(de)(de)手(shou)工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。

  為了避免研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)板的磨(mo)(mo)(mo)耗(hao)不(bu)均，不(bu)要總是在平(ping)板的中(zhong)部研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)，應沿平(ping)板的全部表面上不(bu)斷變換(huan)部位(wei)，否則研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)板將很快(kuai)失去平(ping)面精度。

  閘板(ban)及有些(xie)閥座(zuo)呈楔(xie)狀，密封平面圓周上的(de)(de)質(zhi)量不均，厚(hou)薄(bo)不一致(zhi)，容易(yi)產(chan)生偏磨(mo)現象(xiang)，厚(hou)的(de)(de)一頭容易(yi)多磨(mo)，薄(bo)的(de)(de)一頭會少磨(mo)。所以，在研(yan)磨(mo)楔(xie)式(shi)閘板(ban)密封面時，應附加一個平衡(heng)力，使(shi)楔(xie)式(shi)閘板(ban)密封面均勻磨(mo)削(xue)。圖4-74所示為(wei)楔(xie)式(shi)閘板(ban)密封面的(de)(de)整體研(yan)磨(mo)方法。