在一些檢修部門，習慣用手工來研磨香蕉視頻app連接:閥門密封面。手工研磨只使用簡單的研磨工具而不需復雜的研磨設備，但這是一種費力的工作，生產效率很低，研磨質量主要依靠工人的技術水平來保證，因此研磨質量往往不夠穩定。

  手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)分(fen)為粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)、精(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)和拋光(guang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)為了(le)消除密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擦傷、壓痕、蝕點等(deng)(deng)(deng)缺陷，提高密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)平整(zheng)度(du)(du)和降(jiang)低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙度(du)(du)，為密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)精(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)打(da)下(xia)基礎。精(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)為了(le)消除密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)紋路(lu)，進一(yi)步提高密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平整(zheng)度(du)(du)和降(jiang)低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙度(du)(du)。拋光(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)降(jiang)低(di)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙度(du)(du)，一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙度(du)(du)Ra在(zai)0.2μm以下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)不(bu)(bu)管粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)還是(shi)(shi)精(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)，整(zheng)個過(guo)程(cheng)始(shi)終貫(guan)(guan)穿提起、放下(xia)、旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)、往復、輕敲、換(huan)向等(deng)(deng)(deng)操作(zuo)相結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程(cheng)。其目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)避免磨(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)軌跡(ji)重復，使密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)得到(dao)(dao)均勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削，提高密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平整(zheng)度(du)(du)，降(jiang)低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙度(du)(du)。在(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程(cheng)中，要(yao)(yao)始(shi)終貫(guan)(guan)穿著(zhu)檢(jian)驗(yan)過(guo)程(cheng)，其目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)隨時掌握研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)情(qing)況，做到(dao)(dao)心中有數，使研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)質(zhi)量達到(dao)(dao)技術要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。在(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程(cheng)中，清(qing)潔工(gong)作(zuo)是(shi)(shi)很(hen)重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環節，應做到(dao)(dao)“三不(bu)(bu)落地(di)”，即(ji)被研(yan)(yan)(yan)件不(bu)(bu)落地(di)、工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)不(bu)(bu)落地(di)、物料不(bu)(bu)落地(di)；“三不(bu)(bu)見天”，即(ji)顯(xian)示劑(ji)用(yong)(yong)后(hou)上(shang)(shang)蓋、研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)劑(ji)用(yong)(yong)后(hou)上(shang)(shang)蓋、稀釋劑(ji)（液(ye)）用(yong)(yong)后(hou)上(shang)(shang)蓋；“三干凈(jing)”，即(ji)研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)(ju)用(yong)(yong)前(qian)要(yao)(yao)抹洗(xi)干凈(jing)、密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)清(qing)洗(xi)干凈(jing)、更換(huan)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)劑(ji)時研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)(ju)和密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)抹洗(xi)干凈(jing)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)中應注意(yi)檢(jian)查研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)(ju)不(bu)(bu)與密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)外(wai)任何(he)疤(ba)點臺肩相摩擦，使研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)(ju)運動平穩，保證研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)質(zhi)量。經過(guo)滲(shen)(shen)氨、滲(shen)(shen)硼等(deng)(deng)(deng)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)時要(yao)(yao)小(xiao)心謹慎，因為滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)層的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)(du)隨著(zhu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)量增大而明顯(xian)下(xia)降(jiang)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)時磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削量應盡量小(xiao)，最好進行(xing)拋光(guang)使用(yong)(yong)，至少要(yao)(yao)精(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)后(hou)使用(yong)(yong)，如達不(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，就將殘存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)層磨(mo)(mo)(mo)掉，重新滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)(tou)處(chu)理(li)，恢(hui)(hui)復原(yuan)有密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能。用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)深(shen)冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閥門密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)經過(guo)深(shen)冷(leng)定型(xing)處(chu)理(li)后(hou)再研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)，否則，研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)經深(shen)冷(leng)就會變(bian)形。深(shen)冷(leng)處(chu)理(li)可在(zai)液(ye)氨中進行(xing)。刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)般寬(kuan)度(du)(du)為0.5~0.8mm,接近線密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)后(hou)，密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)會變(bian)寬(kuan)，應注意(yi)恢(hui)(hui)復刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)原(yuan)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun)，可用(yong)(yong)車削或研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)兩斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)恢(hui)(hui)復寬(kuan)度(du)(du)尺寸(cun)。

  研(yan)(yan)具(ju)使(shi)(shi)用后應(ying)進行一次檢(jian)查，對平整(zheng)度(du)不(bu)高的平面要(yao)修理好，并應(ying)清洗干凈，保持完整(zheng)。要(yao)分門別類地(di)把研(yan)(yan)磨工(gong)具(ju)擺放(fang)在(zai)工(gong)具(ju)箱內，以便以后使(shi)(shi)用。

  研(yan)磨(mo)分平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)、錐形密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)、圓弧密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)、圓柱體(ti)密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)等(deng)幾種。

①. 閥(fa)體平面密(mi)封面的研磨 

  閥(fa)體密封平面位于(yu)閥(fa)體內(nei)腔，研(yan)磨(mo)比較(jiao)困(kun)難。通常使用帶(dai)方(fang)孔(kong)的(de)圓盤(pan)狀研(yan)磨(mo)工具，放在內(nei)腔的(de)密封面上，再(zai)用帶(dai)方(fang)頭的(de)長柄(bing)手把來帶(dai)動研(yan)盤(pan)運動。研(yan)盤(pan)上有圓柱凸臺或引(yin)導墊片，以防(fang)止在研(yan)磨(mo)過程中研(yan)具局部離開環狀密封面而(er)造成研(yan)磨(mo)不勻的(de)現象(xiang)。圖4-71為閘閥(fa)密封面的(de)手工研(yan)磨(mo)。

  研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)前應(ying)將研(yan)具工作面(mian)(mian)用丙酮或汽油擦(ca)凈，并去除閥(fa)體密封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)的(de)(de)飛邊、毛刺，再在(zai)密封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂(tu)敷一層研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑。研(yan)具放入閥(fa)體內(nei)腔時(shi)，要(yao)仔細地貼合(he)在(zai)密封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)，然后采(cai)用長(chang)柄(bing)手(shou)(shou)把使(shi)研(yan)盤(pan)做(zuo)正、反(fan)方向的(de)(de)回轉(zhuan)運(yun)動。先順時(shi)針回轉(zhuan)180°,再逆時(shi)針回轉(zhuan)90°,如此反(fan)復地進行。一般回轉(zhuan)10余次后研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑中的(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)粒便已磨(mo)(mo)鈍，故應(ying)該經常(chang)抬起研(yan)盤(pan)來添新(xin)的(de)(de)研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑。研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)壓(ya)力要(yao)均(jun)勻(yun)，且不宜(yi)過(guo)大。粗(cu)研(yan)時(shi)壓(ya)力可大些，精(jing)研(yan)時(shi)應(ying)較小。應(ying)注意不要(yao)因施加(jia)壓(ya)力使(shi)研(yan)具局(ju)部脫開密封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)。研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)一段時(shi)間后，要(yao)檢(jian)查工件(jian)的(de)(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)度。此時(shi)可取出(chu)(chu)研(yan)具，用丙酮或汽油將密封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)擦(ca)凈，再將圓盤(pan)形的(de)(de)檢(jian)驗平(ping)板(ban)輕(qing)輕(qing)放在(zai)密封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)并用手(shou)(shou)輕(qing)輕(qing)旋動，取出(chu)(chu)平(ping)板(ban)后就可觀察到(dao)密封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)出(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)接(jie)觸(chu)痕(hen)跡。當環狀密封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)均(jun)勻(yun)地顯示接(jie)觸(chu)痕(hen)跡，而徑向最小接(jie)觸(chu)寬度與密封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)寬度之比（即密封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)與檢(jian)驗平(ping)板(ban)的(de)(de)吻合(he)度）達到(dao)工藝上(shang)規定的(de)(de)數值時(shi)，平(ping)面(mian)(mian)度就可認為(wei)合(he)格(ge)。為(wei)了(le)保證檢(jian)驗的(de)(de)準確性，檢(jian)驗平(ping)板(ban)應(ying)經常(chang)檢(jian)查、修整(zheng)。

②. 閘板、閥(fa)瓣平面密封面的研磨 

  閘板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、閥瓣和閥座的(de)(de)密封(feng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)可(ke)使(shi)(shi)用研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)來手(shou)工研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)應平(ping)(ping)(ping)整(zheng)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)用平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)分刻槽平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和光滑平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)兩種(zhong)，如圖(tu)4-72所(suo)示。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工作(zuo)前，先用丙酮(tong)或汽(qi)油將研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)擦干(gan)凈，然后(hou)在(zai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)均勻、適量(liang)地涂一層研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑，把(ba)需(xu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)工件表(biao)面(mian)貼合在(zai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)即開始研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。用手(shou)一邊旋轉一邊做直線運(yun)動(dong)，或做“8”字形運(yun)動(dong)。由于研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)運(yun)動(dong)方向(xiang)的(de)(de)不斷變更，使(shi)(shi)磨(mo)(mo)粒不斷地在(zai)新的(de)(de)方向(xiang)起磨(mo)(mo)削作(zuo)用，故可(ke)提高研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)效率。圖(tu)4-73所(suo)示為閥體平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)密封(feng)面(mian)的(de)(de)手(shou)工研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。

  為了避免研(yan)磨平(ping)板(ban)的磨耗不均(jun)，不要(yao)總是在平(ping)板(ban)的中部(bu)研(yan)磨，應(ying)沿平(ping)板(ban)的全部(bu)表面(mian)上不斷變換部(bu)位，否(fou)則研(yan)磨平(ping)板(ban)將很快失去(qu)平(ping)面(mian)精度。

  閘(zha)(zha)板及有些(xie)閥(fa)座呈楔(xie)狀，密(mi)封(feng)平(ping)面(mian)圓周上的(de)質量不均(jun)，厚薄(bo)不一(yi)致，容易產生偏磨現(xian)象(xiang)，厚的(de)一(yi)頭容易多(duo)磨，薄(bo)的(de)一(yi)頭會少磨。所以(yi)，在(zai)研(yan)磨楔(xie)式閘(zha)(zha)板密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)時，應附加一(yi)個(ge)平(ping)衡力，使楔(xie)式閘(zha)(zha)板密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)均(jun)勻磨削(xue)。圖4-74所示為楔(xie)式閘(zha)(zha)板密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)的(de)整體(ti)研(yan)磨方(fang)法。