本次GB/T 4334標準的修訂，將標準名稱變更為《金屬和合金的腐蝕 奧氏體及雙相(鐵素體-奧氏體)不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法》，通過名稱明確了上述體系中各標準的適用范圍，便于使用和實施。同時，廢除了方法D—不銹鋼硝酸-氫氟酸腐蝕試驗方法，增加了方法F—銅-硫酸銅-35%硫酸腐蝕試驗方法和方法G—40%硫酸-硫酸鐵腐蝕試驗方法，修改了敏化制度和彎曲實驗參數等技術指標。通過本次修訂，提高了不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法標準的科學性、經濟性和實用性，有助于指導和規范高鉻鉬奧氏體不銹鋼(gang)及雙相(xiang)不銹鋼生產和驗收，有助于提高我國不銹鋼產品的技術性能、安全可靠性及環保性能。 前不久，由冶金工業信息標準研究院組織的GB/T 4334《金屬和合金的腐蝕不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法》等兩項國家標準和一項國家標準外文版審定會在江蘇無錫順利召開。經過兩輪會議評審的GB/T 4334確定了最終的送審稿。私作為該分技術委員會的委員，全程參與了該標準的修訂過程，下面就為各位提前“劇透”下更新版的主要修改內容。“劇透”的主要目的是為了向小伙伴們闡明專家組對于各修訂之處的原因和意圖，便于大家更好地理解更新版標準的改動之處。預計更新版標準將于2020年正式發布實施，希望屆時都能夠更好地執行。
1. 淘汰落(luo)后的硝酸-氫氟酸法
我(wo)國GB/T 4334-2008中的(de)(de)(de)D法(fa)(fa)(fa)——不(bu)銹鋼硝(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)-氫(qing)(qing)氟(fu)(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗法(fa)(fa)(fa)最早(zao)于(yu)1984年(nian)修改采用(yong)自(zi)日本的(de)(de)(de)JIS G 0574-1980。美國ASTM A262的(de)(de)(de)早(zao)期版(ban)本中也包含(han)了(le)硝(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)-氫(qing)(qing)氟(fu)(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，但在1993年(nian)以后的(de)(de)(de)版(ban)本中此(ci)(ci)(ci)法(fa)(fa)(fa)遭到淘汰，隨后日本也廢(fei)除了(le)JIS G 0574，因此(ci)(ci)(ci)當前其他各國標(biao)準(zhun)中均(jun)無此(ci)(ci)(ci)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。硝(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)-氫(qing)(qing)氟(fu)(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)具有如下特(te)點：不(bu)銹鋼在此(ci)(ci)(ci)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗溶(rong)(rong)液中的(de)(de)(de)腐蝕(shi)電位處在活化-鈍(dun)化區，因此(ci)(ci)(ci)會伴有嚴重的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)面(mian)腐蝕(shi)。所以，試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)必(bi)須采用(yong)參照試(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)，借(jie)助腐蝕(shi)速率比值的(de)(de)(de)評定方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)來(lai)篩除全(quan)面(mian)腐蝕(shi)的(de)(de)(de)干擾(rao)影響(xiang)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)外，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗時的(de)(de)(de)溫度為70°C而不(bu)采用(yong)沸騰(teng)，控制相對不(bu)便；試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗溶(rong)(rong)液含(han)有劇毒的(de)(de)(de)氫(qing)(qing)氟(fu)(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，不(bu)能(neng)使用(yong)常規的(de)(de)(de)玻璃容器，而需采用(yong)耐硝(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)和氫(qing)(qing)氟(fu)(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)腐蝕(shi)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)制塑(su)料(liao)容器，這些因素都在一定程度上影響(xiang)了(le)該(gai)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，導致(zhi)該(gai)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)幾乎(hu)從未被廣泛使用(yong)過。由于(yu)硝(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)-氫(qing)(qing)氟(fu)(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)這些特(te)點，這一方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)在國標(biao)GB/T 4334-2008中名存(cun)實(shi)亡，因此(ci)(ci)(ci)更新版(ban)標(biao)準(zhun)將該(gai)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)廢(fei)除。
2. 新(xin)增兩個實驗方法(fa)使適用范圍進(jin)一步擴大(da)
GB/T 4334-2008修改采用自ISO 3651-1,3651-2。但是只保留了ISO 3651-1中的硝酸法和ISO 3651-2中A法——銅-硫酸銅-16%硫酸法。而對于ISO 3651-2中B 法——銅-硫酸銅-35%硫酸法則并未納入，此外，GB/T 4334-2008方法B名義上由ISO 3651-2中C法變更而來，實際相對于早期版本并無實質變化。GB/T 4334 的早期版本GB/T 4334.1~5-1980 和GB/T 4334.1~5-2000 最早非等效采用日本標準JIS G 0571~0575。而在1999年，日本對這幾個標準進行了較大的修改，由原先的ASTM體系逐漸向ISO體系靠攏。JIS G 0575-1999在原先銅-硫酸銅-16%硫酸法的基礎上，增加了銅-硫酸銅-35%硫酸法，JIS G 0572-2006將原來與ASTM A262中B法等同的50%硫酸-硫酸鐵法變更成與ISO等效的40%硫酸-硫酸鐵法。這兩項變化使日本晶間腐蝕標準的適用范圍得到了較大的擴展，即適用范圍由僅適用于奧氏體不銹鋼進一步擴大到了雙相不銹鋼。但我國標準從2000版到2008 版內容卻無實質變化。根據GB/T 4334-2008的前言所述，與相應ISO標準相比，本標準方法C的適用范圍不包括雙相不銹鋼；方法B適用范圍不包括鐵素體不銹鋼。但實際上，在GB/T 4334-2008正文的第一章“范圍”中，方法A、B、C和D所明確指定的適用范圍都僅局限于奧氏體不銹鋼。在GB/T 4334-2008中，僅方法E明確指出“適用于奧氏體、奧氏體-鐵素體不銹鋼…”。這種情況下，對于雙相不銹鋼的晶間腐蝕試樣方法選擇范圍過于單一。此外，GB/T 4334-2008在方法A中列出了一些不銹鋼牌號所適用的晶間腐蝕試驗方法，這些牌號都是Cr含量全部低于20%的300系不銹鋼。對于Cr、Mo含量更高的奧氏體不銹鋼以及雙相不銹鋼都沒有相應的說明，這在我國超級不銹鋼發展日益成熟的今天顯然有些過時。硫酸-硫酸銅法中決定其腐蝕性的主要是硫酸濃度，對于用在不太惡劣環境下的300系不銹鋼，如304不(bu)銹鋼、316不銹鋼等，16%的硫酸-硫酸銅法已被廣泛證明是合適的。但是，對用于更惡劣環境下的高鉻、鉬不銹鋼，采用16%的硫酸-硫酸銅法檢驗晶間腐蝕的結果往往與工程實際不符合。此時，一般應選用更高濃度的硫酸。美、日、俄及ISO標準中都包含了更高濃度的硫酸-硫酸銅法，鑒于我國超級不銹鋼使用的日益廣泛，將更高濃度的硫酸法納入標準已顯得非常迫切。 當前，由于我國標準體系在高鉻鉬含量不銹鋼及雙相不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法方面的不夠完善，導致國內部分不銹鋼產品在晶間腐蝕檢驗時面臨無相關國家標準可依的窘境，而只能選用國際標準。例如，針對雙相不銹鋼的晶間腐蝕檢驗，GB/T 21433-2008《不銹鋼壓力容器晶間腐蝕敏感性檢驗》就不得不引用了ISO 3651-(1~2)。 鑒于近年來不銹鋼產業在我國的迅猛發展，將適用于高鉻鉬含量奧氏體不銹鋼及雙相不銹鋼的晶間腐蝕試驗方法納入不銹鋼的晶間腐蝕試驗標準顯得日益迫切。結合國外標準及我國對晶間腐蝕試驗方法的使用情況，本次標準的修訂將在GB/T 4334-2008的基礎上增加銅-硫酸銅-35%硫酸法及40%硫酸-硫酸鐵法。
3. 對取(qu)樣和制備、試驗(yan)報告進行(xing)了部分調整
GB/T 31935-2015及(ji)GB/T 32571-2016內容(rong)中(zhong)(zhong)關于(yu)“取(qu)樣(yang)(yang)和(he)制(zhi)備”及(ji)“試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)報告(gao)”部分參考了GB/T 4334-2008標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，并(bing)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)進行了很好的(de)(de)改進，體現了“先(xian)(xian)進性(xing)、科(ke)學(xue)性(xing)和(he)合理(li)性(xing)”；本次GB/T 4334的(de)(de)修(xiu)訂在(zai)“取(qu)樣(yang)(yang)和(he)制(zhi)備”及(ji)“試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)報告(gao)”部分與(yu)上述兩(liang)(liang)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)進行了適當的(de)(de)等同(tong)，既保證了本標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)先(xian)(xian)進性(xing)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)又使(shi)(shi)不同(tong)類型(xing)不銹鋼的(de)(de)晶間(jian)腐蝕試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)取(qu)樣(yang)(yang)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)得到了統一(yi)。此(ci)外(wai)，對于(yu)彎曲法的(de)(de)取(qu)樣(yang)(yang)根據GB/T 4338-2008標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)在(zai)實際(ji)使(shi)(shi)用過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)遇(yu)到的(de)(de)問題(ti)以及(ji)多方意見增加了附注，即“對于(yu)較(jiao)厚的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)，若無法彎曲兩(liang)(liang)個被(bei)(bei)檢驗(yan)(yan)面(mian)(mian)，則可(ke)取(qu)兩(liang)(liang)組各(ge)兩(liang)(liang)個試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)。取(qu)樣(yang)(yang)時(shi)(shi)標(biao)記出各(ge)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)相同(tong)的(de)(de)某一(yi)樣(yang)(yang)面(mian)(mian)。試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)后，兩(liang)(liang)組試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)分別彎曲被(bei)(bei)標(biao)記面(mian)(mian)和(he)未標(biao)記面(mian)(mian)”，增加了標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)實用性(xing)和(he)可(ke)操作性(xing)。
4. 對敏化制度進(jin)行(xing)了部分調整(zheng)
早期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)腐(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)主要(yao)(yao)為美(mei)(mei)、俄(e)兩個體系標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，其(qi)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)當時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)均(jun)為 2h，20世紀70年代后均(jun)改為1h，說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)(ming)2h偏長。根(gen)據(ju)合肥通用(yong)機(ji)械研究院(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)量(liang)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗分(fen)析，8mm左右厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)18-8鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)，正常(chang)焊條(tiao)電弧(hu)焊試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)腐(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)約不(bu)(bu)超過(guo)鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)經650°C敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)15min的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)腐(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。所以一般認(ren)為GB/T 4334-2008標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)要(yao)(yao)求650°C保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)兩小時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求是相對(dui)(dui)(dui)較嚴苛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，該(gai)參數最早也(ye)源自日本(ben)JIS G 0571~0575-1980。但日標(biao)(biao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)1999年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修訂(ding)版(ban)中(zhong)就將敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)與ISO進行(xing)(xing)了(le)等同(tong)(tong)(tong)，從(cong)而(er)將敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)縮短(duan)了(le)。GB/T 4334.2-2000、GB/T 4334.3-2000、GB/T 4334.4-2000對(dui)(dui)(dui)低碳(tan)(tan)和(he)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)奧氏(shi)體不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)作出(chu)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)后，都(dou)另外說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)(ming)“根(gen)據(ju)雙(shuang)方(fang)協(xie)議，也(ye)可以用(yong)其(qi)他敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處理(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)”，而(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)GB/T 4334.1-2000和(he)GB/T 4334.5-2000中(zhong)，卻(que)沒(mei)(mei)有關于(yu)(yu)協(xie)商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)款。到了(le)GB/T 4334-2008版(ban)中(zhong)，則(ze)(ze)把所有方(fang)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)統一規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)為“對(dui)(dui)(dui)超低碳(tan)(tan)鋼(gang)(gang)（碳(tan)(tan)含量(liang)不(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)0.03%）和(he)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)鋼(gang)(gang)種(zhong)(zhong)（添加(jia)(jia)鈦或鈮），敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處理(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為650℃，壓(ya)力加(jia)(jia)工(gong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)2h，鑄(zhu)件保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)1 h，空(kong)冷(leng)(leng)。”而(er)無供(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)雙(shuang)方(fang)協(xie)商(shang)條(tiao)款。對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)這(zhe)一規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，從(cong)各(ge)工(gong)業企業反饋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)見來看，普遍認(ren)為這(zhe)一規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)限(xian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)過(guo)于(yu)(yu)死板(ban)(ban)，導致試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)沒(mei)(mei)有任(ren)何調(diao)整空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。而(er)實際上，對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)牌號、不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)合金(jin)含量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)，其(qi)第二(er)相析出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)感溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是有差異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，將敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)限(xian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)一個固定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)顯(xian)然不(bu)(bu)夠合理(li)(li)，美(mei)(mei)國(guo)ASTM A262標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)為650~675°C，同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)也(ye)允許供(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)雙(shuang)方(fang)協(xie)商(shang)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)及隨后冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)方(fang)式，ISO及日本(ben)JIS標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)對(dui)(dui)(dui)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)也(ye)提供(gong)了(le)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇。可以說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，將敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)嚴格(ge)限(xian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)一個溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)地違背了(le)科學(xue)性(xing)(xing)原則(ze)(ze)。 可以看到： (1) ASTM A262僅強制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為650~675°C，對(dui)(dui)(dui)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)方(fang)式不(bu)(bu)作強制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求，但是推(tui)薦(jian)了(le)一種(zhong)(zhong)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，即(ji) 675°C，保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)1h； (2) ISO 3651-2提供(gong)了(le)兩種(zhong)(zhong)供(gong)選的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)及冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)方(fang)式均(jun)做出(chu)了(le)明(ming)(ming)確(que)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)； (3) JIS G 0575推(tui)薦(jian)采用(yong)ISO 3651-2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，但特(te)別說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)(ming)“經供(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)雙(shuang)方(fang)協(xie)商(shang)，可以采用(yong)其(qi)他敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)”； (4) GB/T 4334-2008強制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求執行(xing)(xing)一種(zhong)(zhong)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，即(ji)“650°C，壓(ya)力加(jia)(jia)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)2h，鑄(zhu)件保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)1h，空(kong)冷(leng)(leng)”。 此外，美(mei)(mei)國(guo)ASTM A262在(zai)(zai)(zai)銅-硫酸(suan)銅-16%硫酸(suan)法(fa)(fa)中(zhong)，特(te)別說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)(ming)除非需(xu)(xu)(xu)方(fang)特(te)別聲明(ming)(ming)，否則(ze)(ze)可以使(shi)(shi)用(yong)ISO 3651-2中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)A法(fa)(fa)替代本(ben)法(fa)(fa)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)ISO標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)提供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，這(zhe)表明(ming)(ming) ASTM標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)對(dui)(dui)(dui)ISO標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)也(ye)是認(ren)可的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因此，針對(dui)(dui)(dui)晶(jing)(jing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)腐(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處理(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)更(geng)新版(ban)不(bu)(bu)再作強制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求，考慮到國(guo)內(nei)長期(qi)以來一些設計選材對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連續性(xing)(xing)要(yao)(yao)求，對(dui)(dui)(dui)奧氏(shi)體不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)維(wei)持推(tui)薦(jian)采用(yong)GB/T 4334-2008版(ban)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)；對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)雙(shuang)相不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)，已(yi)有大(da)(da)量(liang)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗和(he)研究表明(ming)(ming)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)GB/T 4334-2008版(ban)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)往往造成試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗過(guo)程中(zhong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非晶(jing)(jing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)腐(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)開裂，從(cong)而(er)增加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鑒定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)工(gong)作量(liang)，因此我們推(tui)薦(jian)采用(yong)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)更(geng)加(jia)(jia)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)ISO3651-2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)其(qi)他不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)，則(ze)(ze)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)“試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)是否需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處理(li)(li)和(he)采取何種(zhong)(zhong)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處理(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，由產品(pin)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)或供(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)雙(shuang)方(fang)協(xie)商(shang)確(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)”。
5. 對65%硝(xiao)酸法所用硝(xiao)酸濃(nong)度添(tian)加注釋說明
此前(qian)研究表明(ming)，硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)對(dui)試驗結果影(ying)響(xiang)較(jiao)大。對(dui)于(yu)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，老(lao)版標準有專門(men)說(shuo)明(ming)。如果按要(yao)求配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)65%±0.2%確實比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)困難，需要(yao)通過滴定來(lai)配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，對(dui)于(yu)企(qi)業(ye)來(lai)說(shuo)存在困難。更新(xin)版標準將在文末添加(jia)“（ρ20=1.40g/mL）”以表示可以采用(yong)比(bi)(bi)重法(fa)(fa)間(jian)接測定所配(pei)(pei)溶液(ye)(ye)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)符合要(yao)求。 此外，從(cong)該(gai)方法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)溶液(ye)(ye)配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過程反饋的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)看，有些企(qi)業(ye)和(he)單(dan)位會參照(zhao)美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)ASTM A262中的(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方法(fa)(fa)（比(bi)(bi)率為每升(sheng)濃(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)添加(jia)108mL水）配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。但(dan)這在我國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)情(qing)下(xia)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可取(qu)的(de)(de)。美(mei)(mei)(mei)標的(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方法(fa)(fa)本身沒有問(wen)題，問(wen)題在于(yu)所用(yong)濃(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)并不(bu)(bu)(bu)相(xiang)同。國(guo)(guo)(guo)際標準ISO和(he)美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)ASTM標準中對(dui)于(yu)濃(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)規(gui)(gui)定是(shi)(shi)69%~71%;而(er)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)GB/T 626中對(dui)于(yu)濃(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)規(gui)(gui)定為65%~68%。即所用(yong)的(de)(de)濃(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)初始濃(nong)(nong)度(du)就不(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)致，如果使用(yong)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)生產的(de)(de)符合GB/T 626的(de)(de)濃(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)去按照(zhao)美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)ASTM A626中的(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方法(fa)(fa)配(pei)(pei)出的(de)(de)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)將明(ming)顯低于(yu)65%。遂在標準更新(xin)版中添加(jia)一(yi)了段注釋：“本標準所用(yong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)（質量分數65%~68%），與美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)ASTM A262所用(yong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)（質量分數69%~71%）不(bu)(bu)(bu)同，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能采用(yong)ASTM A262所規(gui)(gui)定硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)溶液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方式來(lai)配(pei)(pei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本標準用(yong)65%硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)溶液(ye)(ye)。”
6. 對彎曲法(fa)的參數(shu)進行了修改
GB/T 4334自(zi)從第一(yi)(yi)版(ban)(ban)以(yi)來(lai)，就有(you)行(xing)業專(zhuan)家認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其中銅(tong)-硫(liu)酸銅(tong)-16%硫(liu)酸法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)參(can)(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)相比國外過(guo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)嚴(yan)苛(ke)，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)參(can)(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爭議一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)(zhi)較大(da)(da)(da)。GB/T 4334-2008對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)參(can)(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)如下：“壓(ya)力(li)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)和焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)180°，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)舟(zhou)(zhou)形(xing)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)沿垂直(zhi)(zhi)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫方(fang)(fang)(fang)向進(jin)行(xing)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)沿熔(rong)合(he)線進(jin)行(xing)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。鑄鋼件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)90°。試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，當試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)1mm時，壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1mm；當試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)1mm時，壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)5mm。”這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)規(gui)定(ding)最早沿用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)GB 4334.5-1990。當時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認識是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)果(guo)影響(xiang)較小(xiao)(xiao)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)便而統一(yi)(yi)成兩(liang)個(ge)壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。 然(ran)而，近年來(lai)無論是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理論計算還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)都表(biao)(biao)明(ming)壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)果(guo)有(you)很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。尤其是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)較厚(hou)(hou)且本身塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較差(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)5mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)會(hui)出現(xian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)冷塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較差(cha)(cha)而導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)裂(lie)(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，從而增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)(le)(le)(le)大(da)(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)相檢(jian)測工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。例如大(da)(da)(da)量實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)研究表(biao)(biao)明(ming)，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)本身較差(cha)(cha)，即使(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)經晶間腐(fu)蝕(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)，許多材料(liao)稍厚(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空白試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)按(an)GB/T 4334-2008標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)到(dao)180°也(ye)會(hui)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)冷變(bian)形(xing)超(chao)過(guo)其塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)而導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)裂(lie)(lie)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)這(zhe)類低(di)(di)塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材料(liao)，ASTM標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)特意(yi)聲明(ming)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)須(xu)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)180°，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通過(guo)未經試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空白試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)來(lai)獲得該(gai)材料(liao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)產(chan)生(sheng)冷彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)裂(lie)(lie)紋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)(da)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，并以(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)晶間腐(fu)蝕(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)后(hou)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)來(lai)評定(ding)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否產(chan)生(sheng)晶間腐(fu)蝕(shi)開(kai)(kai)裂(lie)(lie)。ISO 3651-2對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)壓(ya)力(li)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)倍(bei)，鑄件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)4倍(bei)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)90°。 此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)外，我(wo)國鎳基合(he)金(jin)晶間腐(fu)蝕(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)GB/T 15260-2016對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)參(can)(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，“壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)半徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)等(deng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)倍(bei)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)180度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)”，與此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)同時，也(ye)特別說明(ming)“對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)，應通過(guo)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)與被試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)相同材質及(ji)形(xing)狀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空白試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)決定(ding)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發生(sheng)裂(lie)(lie)紋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)(da)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)”，這(zhe)與ASTM A262是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相似的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。有(you)行(xing)業專(zhuan)家認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)科學性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和合(he)理性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，而并非嚴(yan)苛(ke)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。當前GB/T 4334-2008對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)參(can)(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)過(guo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)嚴(yan)苛(ke)，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)該(gai)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)中方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)E往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)(le)(le)(le)很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)期(qi)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)量，方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)因(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)降低(di)(di)，遠(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能滿足(zu)當前工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。因(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，結(jie)合(he)眾多專(zhuan)家意(yi)見及(ji)文(wen)獻，參(can)(can)(can)考(kao)ASTM A262、ISO 3651-2以(yi)及(ji)我(wo)國GB/T 15260對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)參(can)(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)進(jin)行(xing)更(geng)改(gai)非常有(you)必要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。 本次(ci)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)參(can)(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)改(gai)參(can)(can)(can)照ISO標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，經修(xiu)改(gai)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)參(can)(can)(can)數(shu)(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：“壓(ya)力(li)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)180°。鑄鋼件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)和焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)90°，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)舟(zhou)(zhou)形(xing)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)沿垂直(zhi)(zhi)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫方(fang)(fang)(fang)向進(jin)行(xing)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)沿熔(rong)合(he)線進(jin)行(xing)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)低(di)(di)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)未經試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)確(que)定(ding)其不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發生(sheng)開(kai)(kai)裂(lie)(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)(da)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，以(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。”在(zai)GB/T 4334-2008版(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)，保(bao)留了(le)(le)(le)(le)壓(ya)力(li)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)180°，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)和焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)規(gui)定(ding)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)由(you)原(yuan)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)180°變(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)90°”，主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)考(kao)慮到(dao)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)本身塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較差(cha)(cha)，當前工(gong)(gong)業上(shang)(shang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)也(ye)常采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)90°彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)鑄件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)90°變(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)90°求(qiu)兼容了(le)(le)(le)(le)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)前版(ban)(ban)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)外，還(huan)針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)低(di)(di)塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材料(liao)進(jin)行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)特別說明(ming)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)次(ci)變(bian)更(geng)“對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)力(li)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2倍(bei)；對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)鑄鋼件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)和焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)4倍(bei)”，這(zhe)與ISO標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)等(deng)同。相對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)ASTM標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)點在(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)每個(ge)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。至(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)原(yuan)來(lai)5mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，在(zai)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)規(gui)定(ding)下對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)力(li)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)而言(yan)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.5mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所有(you)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)鑄件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng)低(di)(di)塑(su)(su)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)則適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)厚(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)1.25mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。
7. 對標準名稱進(jin)行了(le)變更
近年來，由于鐵素體不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼的晶間腐蝕標準GB/T 31935-2015《金屬和合金的腐蝕 低鉻鐵素體不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法》、GB/T 32571-2016《金屬和合金的腐蝕 高鉻鐵素體不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法》先后發布，對于鐵素體不銹鋼而言已經有了獨立的晶間腐蝕試驗標準體系，所以GB/T 4334-2008《金屬和合金的腐蝕 不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法》這一名稱已明顯不合適，本次修訂后，GB/T 4334的適用范圍將包括奧氏體不銹鋼以及雙相不銹鋼，遂將標準名稱改成“金屬和合金的腐蝕 奧氏體及雙相(鐵素體-奧氏體)不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法”。
