①. 與塔關聯的換熱器,如塔底再沸(fei)器、塔頂(ding)冷凝冷卻器等,宜按(an)工藝流程(cheng)順(shun)序布置(zhi)在(zai)塔的附(fu)近(jin)。
②. 兩種物(wu)料進(jin)行熱(re)交換(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi),宜布置在兩種物(wu)料進(jin)出(chu)口管道最近(jin)的(de)(de)位置。一種物(wu)料與(yu)幾種不同物(wu)料進(jin)行換(huan)(huan)熱(re)的(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)宜成組(zu)布置。
③. 構架上(shang)布置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)換熱(re)(re)器(qi)宜按一端(duan)支座基礎(chu)中心(xin)線對齊見圖(tu)7.18(a),地(di)面布置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)換熱(re)(re)器(qi)可(ke)按一端(duan)支座基礎(chu)中心(xin)線對齊,或管程(cheng)進出口中心(xin)線對齊,見圖(tu)7.18(b)。固定管板式換熱(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)布置(zhi)(zhi),管口要左右對稱外,排列(lie)在管廊側,有利于管道布置(zhi)(zhi),見圖(tu)7.18(c)。圖(tu)7.18(d)是(shi)換(huan)熱器的一種(zhong)對齊方式和管線的統一支撐(cheng)。
④. 兩(liang)臺換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)根據需要重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。殼體直徑等于或(huo)大于1.6m的(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不宜重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。為(wei)了節約占(zhan)地或(huo)工藝操作方便(bian)可(ke)以(yi)將(jiang)兩(liang)臺換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)在(zai)一起(qi)(qi)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。但(dan)對于兩(liang)相流(liu)介(jie)質或(huo)操作壓力(li)等于或(huo)大于4MPa的(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi),以(yi)及殼體直徑等于或(huo)大于1.6m的(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不宜重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)管殼式換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)一般都是兩(liang)臺重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)在(zai)一起(qi)(qi),個別(bie)情(qing)況下也(ye)可(ke)三臺重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)在(zai)一起(qi)(qi)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。這樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要考慮最頂(ding)上一臺換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中心(xin)線的(de)(de)(de)高度不宜超過4.5m。兩(liang)臺重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi),只給出下部換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)中心(xin)線標(biao)高即可(ke)。如果(guo)兩(liang)臺不同換(huan)(huan)熱(re)介(jie)質的(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)(die)在(zai)一起(qi)(qi)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),則兩(liang)臺中心(xin)線的(de)(de)(de)高差(cha)應滿足管道設(she)計的(de)(de)(de)要求,見圖(tu)7.19。
⑤. 操作溫度等于或高于物料自(zi)燃點或超過250℃的(de)換(huan)熱器(qi)的(de)上(shang)方和下方,如無不燃燒材(cai)料的(de)隔板隔離保(bao)護,不應布置其他可(ke)燃介質設備(bei)。
⑥. 換熱器宜(yi)(yi)布置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)地(di)面(mian)上,但數量較多時(shi),可(ke)布置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)構(gou)架(jia)上。對于重質油品或污染環境的物料,換熱器不(bu)宜(yi)(yi)布置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)構(gou)架(jia)上。
⑦. 從塔或(huo)(huo)容(rong)器(qi)底部(bu)經換熱器(qi)抽液(ye)時,換熱器(qi)應靠(kao)近并位(wei)于塔或(huo)(huo)容(rong)器(qi)的下方。
⑧. 與(yu)反應(ying)器(qi)直接相(xiang)關的(de)立(li)式換熱器(qi),可布置在反應(ying)器(qi)構(gou)架內,并應(ying)有機動(dong)吊(diao)(diao)裝(zhuang)機具抽出(chu)(chu)管束的(de)空間;當不能(neng)采(cai)用機動(dong)吊(diao)(diao)裝(zhuang)機具抽出(chu)(chu)管束時(shi),應(ying)設置吊(diao)(diao)裝(zhuang)設施。