1. 紐扣電池和(he)電池殼體
一般(ban)的(de)干電池(chi)(chi)(chi)為錳(meng)電池(chi)(chi)(chi)或堿電池(chi)(chi)(chi),其(qi)殼體(ti)使用表(biao)面處理(li)鋼材(cai)再經過涂裝即(ji)可,而電子精密(mi)儀器所使用的(de)紐扣電池(chi)(chi)(chi)用材(cai),處于表(biao)面處理(li)鋼板(ban)和不銹鋼鋼板(ban)的(de)競爭的(de)狀(zhuang)態。在紐扣電池(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong),有堿電池(chi)(chi)(chi)、氧化銀(yin)電池(chi)(chi)(chi)、二氧化錳(meng)鋰電池(chi)(chi)(chi)和空(kong)氣鋅電池(chi)(chi)(chi)等各種類型電池(chi)(chi)(chi)。
不(bu)銹鋼具(ju)有(you)耐腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing),適(shi)合制作電池(chi)殼體。但由于耐腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)的氧(yang)化膜而使(shi)導電性(xing)惡化,因此多使(shi)用(yong)鍍鎳的表面(mian)處理鋼(gang)(gang)板。不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)亦可以用(yong)于廉價的玩具(ju)類產品,但在高性(xing)能產品中,則使(shi)用(yong)鍍鎳的不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)。在電池(chi)種類當中,氧(yang)化銀電池(chi),二氧(yang)化錳鋰電池(chi)應用(yong)較廣。鍍鎳不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)的代(dai)表型鋼(gang)(gang)種SUS304鍍鎳后(hou),使(shi)用(yong)者(zhe)較多。最近為了降(jiang)低生產成本,轉為使(shi)用(yong)鐵素(su)體系列的SUS430不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)鍍鎳。
2. 鋰離子電池殼(ke)體
用在(zai)(zai)小型(xing)鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)殼(ke)體(ti)(ti)材料(liao)中(zhong),有表(biao)面處理鋼(gang)(gang)板、不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)和(he)鋁三方(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)競(jing)(jing)爭,在(zai)(zai)開發初期,因為(wei)鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)存在(zai)(zai)爆(bao)炸(zha)危險(xian)性(xing),所(suo)以(yi),對表(biao)面處理鋼(gang)(gang)板和(he)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)作為(wei)殼(ke)體(ti)(ti)材料(liao)而展開研(yan)討論證。因為(wei)小型(xing)的(de)(de)鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)長方(fang)(fang)體(ti)(ti),像使(shi)(shi)用完(wan)畢而扔掉的(de)(de)打火機(ji)那樣形狀,雖(sui)然使(shi)(shi)用表(biao)面處理鋼(gang)(gang)板并(bing)具備沖壓(ya)成型(xing)性(xing)優勢,但在(zai)(zai)常(chang)溫下,靈(ling)活充分地使(shi)(shi)用沖壓(ya)機(ji)床(chuang),開發多(duo)種工(gong)藝方(fang)(fang)式(shi)的(de)(de)沖壓(ya)技(ji)術(shu),可以(yi)使(shi)(shi)用不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)進(jin)行(xing)超深度拉(la)深工(gong)藝,制(zhi)造出不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)產(chan)(chan)品化(hua)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)殼(ke)體(ti)(ti)。近來,在(zai)(zai)數碼照相機(ji)和(he)手機(ji)使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi),考(kao)慮(lv)到輕量化(hua),則鋁殼(ke)體(ti)(ti)鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)亦產(chan)(chan)品化(hua)了,在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)用不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)材料(liao)制(zhi)造技(ji)術(shu)中(zhong),東(dong)京都大田區的(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)實力很(hen)強。沖壓(ya)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)人員采用超深拉(la)深進(jin)行(xing)生產(chan)(chan)制(zhi)造。可以(yi)說鋁和(he)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)在(zai)(zai)鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)殼(ke)體(ti)(ti)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)存在(zai)(zai)著(zhu)激烈的(de)(de)材料(liao)競(jing)(jing)爭。
大型鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),曾(ceng)以NEDO為(wei)(wei)中心,聯合(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)生(sheng)產(chan)廠家參(can)與,分別開發了移動型和(he)(he)定(ding)置型。圓柱形和(he)(he)長(chang)(chang)方(fang)體(ti)形的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)殼體(ti),使(shi)用(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)材料(liao)。圓柱形使(shi)用(yong)激(ji)光焊接制(zhi)造殼體(ti),長(chang)(chang)方(fang)體(ti)形則采用(yong)超深拉深工(gong)藝進(jin)(jin)行加工(gong),而盒蓋使(shi)用(yong)激(ji)光焊接進(jin)(jin)行接合(he)(he)。雖然正處于開發階段,但已經決定(ding)在2010年(nian)在主力(li)客機波音789上,裝設(she)這種(zhong)鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。所用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)SUS304、SUS304L不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang),板(ban)(ban)厚(hou)為(wei)(wei)0.6-0.8mm,在常溫下利用(yong)多(duo)道(dao)工(gong)序沖壓成形。期望在市區(qu)(qu)內行駛的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)驅動而在郊(jiao)區(qu)(qu)是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)汽(qi)油作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)燃料(liao)進(jin)(jin)行驅動的(de)(de)兩(liang)種(zhong)動力(li)汽(qi)車(che),或電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)上,作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),在實用(yong)化方(fang)面(mian)取得了顯著進(jin)(jin)展。從(cong)鍍層鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)到不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)化的(de)(de)重點是(shi)加工(gong)性和(he)(he)耐腐蝕性。

