304、316系列奧氏體不銹鋼(gang)常用于制造與人們生活密切相關的不銹鋼餐廚具，如制造大型廚房設備、家電、刀具、餐具、洗碗機、豆漿機、微波爐、熱水器、烤爐、水槽、冰箱、水杯等產品。

  304不銹鋼在廚房行業廣泛應用，其優異的成型性能使水槽的多樣化設計成為可能。與早期的陶瓷水槽相比，不銹鋼雙槽、一體排水槽等都極為便利，而且比塑料復合材料更耐熱和耐損傷，能夠經受住最有腐蝕性食物的腐蝕和多年的粗糙清洗，因而得到廣泛使用。它也補充了操作臺面的顏色或設計，因此不銹鋼現已成為商業和家庭炊具的主要材料。尤其是304型號的不銹鋼大量地替換了諸如瓷磚、鋁和塑料復合板等材料，因為它們抗熱、不易損壞，并能保持清潔，如圖B.1所示。

  304不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼在(zai)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)行(xing)業使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，雖然通常(chang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)成品(pin)(pin)(pin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)堿度適中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，但在(zai)整個生產過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，可(ke)能存在(zai)強(qiang)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)強(qiang)堿環境。部分食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)成品(pin)(pin)(pin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，含較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)食(shi)(shi)(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)成分，或在(zai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要接(jie)觸到食(shi)(shi)(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)溶(rong)液(ye)。為了除去果(guo)(guo)蔬上的(de)殘留農藥(yao)，可(ke)能要用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)稀(xi)鹽(yan)(yan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)浸(jin)泡。果(guo)(guo)蔬化(hua)學去皮(pi)法(fa)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氫(qing)氧(yang)化(hua)鈉或氫(qing)氧(yang)化(hua)鉀，且要用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鹽(yan)(yan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和。柑桔去囊(nang)農時，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)到燒堿、鹽(yan)(yan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)等(deng)溶(rong)液(ye)；鹽(yan)(yan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)濃(nong)度達10％，溫度達80℃。硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)濃(nong)度用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)到15％，溫度達80℃。水果(guo)(guo)凍前加(jia)二氧(yang)化(hua)硫等(deng)添加(jia)劑，以延緩(huan)氧(yang)化(hua)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。果(guo)(guo)蔬抽空排氣時放入食(shi)(shi)(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)溶(rong)液(ye)。青豆用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鹽(yan)(yan)水進(jin)行(xing)浮選。罐(guan)頭食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)食(shi)(shi)(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)作添加(jia)劑。醬及醬油食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)含有大(da)量食(shi)(shi)(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)成分。腌(a)制(zhi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)時腌(a)制(zhi)劑有食(shi)(shi)(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)、硝(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鈉、亞硝(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鈉、磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)等(deng)。因此，根(gen)據(ju)不同(tong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)及不同(tong)生產工(gong)(gong)藝，選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)合(he)適的(de)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼材料(liao)及加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方法(fa)是非常(chang)必要的(de)，稍有疏忽(hu)，機(ji)械設備在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)就有銹(xiu)(xiu)蝕(shi)的(de)危險。不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼在(zai)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)與餐廚具(ju)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)與對(dui)應設備選擇如表B.1所(suo)示。