1. 制定標準的意(yi)義
GB/T 34107-2017為(wei)首(shou)次制定，主編單位為(wei)江蘇銀環(huan)精(jing)密(mi)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)有限(xian)(xian)公司，參加起草單位有江蘇武進不銹股(gu)(gu)份有限(xian)(xian)公司、中國鐵道科學(xue)研究(jiu)(jiu)院(yuan)標準(zhun)計量研究(jiu)(jiu)所、上海(hai)奉賢(xian)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)廠有限(xian)(xian)公司、山(shan)西(xi)太鋼(gang)(gang)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)有限(xian)(xian)公司、中車株(zhu)洲電(dian)力機車有限(xian)(xian)公司、中車大連機車車輛有限(xian)(xian)公司、中車青島四(si)方(fang)機車車輛股(gu)(gu)份有限(xian)(xian)公司、冶(ye)金工業信息標準(zhun)研究(jiu)(jiu)院(yuan)。
制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)保障(zhang)軌(gui)道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安全營(ying)運(yun)(yun)的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵設備。制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)源為(wei)壓(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)或(huo)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)液，精密(mi)(mi)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)是(shi)用(yong)來(lai)輸送壓(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)或(huo)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)液，實現制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)(de)載體。制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)對精密(mi)(mi)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)的(de)(de)要求(qiu)非常(chang)嚴格，其質(zhi)量直接(jie)(jie)(jie)影響(xiang)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)性(xing)能。制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)各種閥類零件對精密(mi)(mi)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)內表面的(de)(de)清潔度要求(qiu)非常(chang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，不(bu)允(yun)許內表面存(cun)在異物、氧(yang)化(hua)皮脫(tuo)落、銹(xiu)蝕等(deng)缺陷存(cun)在。否則會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)閥部件堵塞，動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)失靈(ling)，造(zao)成(cheng)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)故障(zhang)，從(cong)而危及(ji)行(xing)車(che)安全。軌(gui)道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)每臺／節機車(che)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大致(zhi)使用(yong)300公(gong)斤(jin)左右。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)在軌(gui)道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)組裝(zhuang)過(guo)程中，通(tong)(tong)常(chang)會(hui)進行(xing)彎制(zhi)(zhi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、預裝(zhuang)卡套、加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)螺紋、焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)、機加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程。在經(jing)過(guo)這(zhe)些工(gong)(gong)(gong)業過(guo)程之后，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)不(bu)應開裂、起(qi)皺(zhou)，或(huo)有超過(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝規定的(de)(de)缺陷存(cun)在。軌(gui)道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)環境(jing)復雜(za)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸風、霜、雨、雪、粉塵、煤塵、紫外線(xian)等(deng)；還能夠遇到弱酸、弱堿等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)況。目(mu)前，鐵路機車(che)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)線(xian)路越來(lai)越長（例如從(cong)哈爾濱到廣州），氣(qi)(qi)候變化(hua)劇(ju)烈，對制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)的(de)(de)耐(nai)候性(xing)能提出(chu)(chu)了(le)更高(gao)(gao)(gao)要求(qiu)。軌(gui)道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)在日常(chang)的(de)(de)保養過(guo)程中，制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)部分(fen)管(guan)路可(ke)能會(hui)直接(jie)(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸工(gong)(gong)(gong)業清洗劑。這(zhe)些都(dou)對機車(che)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)的(de)(de)抗腐(fu)蝕、強度等(deng)性(xing)能提出(chu)(chu)了(le)很高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)要求(qiu)。
本標準制定前，軌道交通車輛制動系統用精密不銹鋼無縫鋼管沒有統一的國家標準，用戶訂貨基本上都引用了歐盟或德國的標準。本標準的制定，有利于高端裝備制造用原材料的國產化。該標準適用于軌道交通車輛（機車、動車組、城軌車輛、客貨運車輛等）空氣或液壓制動系統用精密奧氏體不銹鋼無縫鋼管。
2. 主要(yao)技術(shu)內容
鋼管外徑尺寸范圍為6～48.3mm，壁厚為1.0～4.0mm。外徑范圍6～30mm的允許偏差為±0.08mm；壁厚范圍＞1.5～2.5mm的允許偏差為±0.15mm。鋼的牌號包括06Cr19Ni10、022Cr19Ni10、06Cr17Ni12Mo2、022Cr17Ni12Mo2、06Cr17Ni12Mo2Ti、06Cr18Ni11Ti等6個牌號。鋼管采用冷拔（軋）無縫方法制造，以光亮固溶處理狀態交貨。力學性能要求包括拉伸和硬度。鋼管應進行液壓、壓扁、彎曲、擴口、晶間腐蝕和無損等檢驗。鋼管的內外表面應清潔、光亮、色澤均勻，無氧化皮等異物，表面粗糙度Ra應不大于3.2μm。采用不低于0.8MPa的干燥潔凈壓縮空氣逐根吹掃鋼管內表面，不應吹出任何肉眼可見的固態或液態雜物。鋼管使用木箱包裝，防護應符合鐵路標準TB/T 3218的規定，并采用外套式管帽。鋼管采用噴標方式每隔2米重復標識。鋼管的并應采用防水防潮的箱式包裝。
3. 國(guo)內外標準對比及標準水平
和《壓(ya)力(li)用(yong)途(tu)的無(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)管交(jiao)(jiao)貨(huo)技術(shu)條(tiao)件第5部分(fen)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)管》（EN 10216-5）、《精密用(yong)途(tu)的鋼(gang)(gang)管交(jiao)(jiao)貨(huo)技術(shu)條(tiao)件第1部分(fen)無(wu)縫冷拔管》（EN10305-1）等(deng)標準相比，本(ben)(ben)標準在(zai)尺(chi)寸允(yun)許(xu)偏差、表面(mian)質量、化學(xue)成分(fen)、工藝(yi)性(xing)能、無(wu)損檢測、包裝等(deng)方面(mian)的要求更加明確(que)、具體和嚴格(ge)。本(ben)(ben)標準為國際(ji)先進水平(ping)。
