GB/T 17854-1999《埋弧焊用不銹鋼焊絲和焊劑》中規定了埋弧焊用不(bu)銹鋼焊絲的化學成分、尺寸及焊絲表面質量等,并規定焊絲的牌號按YB/T 5092。
埋弧焊(han)(han)(han)用(yong)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si)的(de)類別、牌(pai)號及化學成(cheng)(cheng)分見表5-7。埋弧焊(han)(han)(han)用(yong)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si)的(de)化學成(cheng)(cheng)分與母(mu)材(cai)成(cheng)(cheng)分基本相(xiang)近,只是焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si)化學成(cheng)(cheng)分中鉻、鎳含量要(yao)(yao)比母(mu)材(cai)金(jin)屬略高(gao),而(er)含碳量低(di)于母(mu)材(cai)金(jin)屬。這主要(yao)(yao)是考慮到焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)過程中合金(jin)元素(su)的(de)燒損和(he)提高(gao)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)接(jie)頭的(de)耐腐(fu)蝕性能(neng)。焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)鐵素(su)體(ti)型不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)時(shi)(shi),可(ke)采用(yong)H1Cr17焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si);焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)馬氏(shi)體(ti)型不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)時(shi)(shi),可(ke)采用(yong)H1Cr13焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si);焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)18-8型奧(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)時(shi)(shi),可(ke)采用(yong)H0Cr21Ni10焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si);焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)超低(di)碳18-8型奧(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)時(shi)(shi),應(ying)采用(yong)H00Cr21Ni10或H00Cr19Ni12Mo2焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si)。

埋(mai)弧(hu)焊(han)(han)時,焊(han)(han)縫(feng)化(hua)(hua)學成(cheng)(cheng)分和(he)性能除了(le)由焊(han)(han)絲決定之外,還受到(dao)所使用(yong)焊(han)(han)劑的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。為了(le)得到(dao)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)焊(han)(han)縫(feng)金屬化(hua)(hua)學成(cheng)(cheng)分,可(ke)以(yi)通過同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)種(zhong)焊(han)(han)劑與幾種(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)分的(de)焊(han)(han)絲配(pei)(pei)合來實現;也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)通過用(yong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)種(zhong)焊(han)(han)絲與幾種(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)分的(de)焊(han)(han)劑配(pei)(pei)合來實現。另外埋(mai)弧(hu)焊(han)(han)時焊(han)(han)接電流大(da),熔深大(da),母材(cai)金屬融合比高,故母材(cai)金屬對(dui)焊(han)(han)縫(feng)成(cheng)(cheng)分也(ye)有影(ying)響(xiang)。所以(yi)對(dui)埋(mai)弧(hu)焊(han)(han)用(yong)焊(han)(han)絲的(de)選擇,既要考慮(lv)焊(han)(han)劑成(cheng)(cheng)分的(de)影(ying)響(xiang),又(you)要考慮(lv)母材(cai)金屬的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。
焊(han)絲(si)的(de)尺寸及(ji)偏(pian)(pian)差應符(fu)合表5-8規定。焊(han)絲(si)表面(mian)應光滑,不(bu)(bu)得有銹蝕、氧化(hua)(hua)皮和其(qi)他有害于使(shi)用的(de)缺陷。但允許(xu)有深度不(bu)(bu)超(chao)過(guo)直(zhi)徑(jing)偏(pian)(pian)差之半的(de)劃(hua)傷及(ji)不(bu)(bu)超(chao)過(guo)直(zhi)徑(jing)偏(pian)(pian)差的(de)局(ju)部缺陷,軟態鋼絲(si)允許(xu)有氧化(hua)(hua)色。


